Claim profile
1900–1999

The 20th century

Whose names filled the books of the 20th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Chinese books during the 20th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish28,219German4,127French3,913Italian2,072Spanish1,601Russian838Chinese282Hebrew149
  1. 1Mao ZedongMao Zedong1893–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians275
  2. 2Lu XunLu Xun1881–1936 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers60
  3. 3Liu ShaoqiLiu Shaoqi1898–1969 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians58
  4. 4Zhou EnlaiZhou Enlai1898–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians55
  5. 5Lin BiaoLin Biao1907–1971 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians40
  6. 6Deng XiaopingDeng Xiaoping1909–1997 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians34
  7. 7Sun Yat-senSun Yat-sen1866–1925 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians31
  8. 8Jiang ZeminJiang Zemin1926–2022 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians13
  9. 9ConfuciusConfucius551 BC–479 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Academics12
  10. 10Jiang QingJiang Qing1914–1991 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Actors10
  11. 11Zhu DeZhu De1886–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians9.6
  12. 12Cao XueqinCao Xueqin1724–1760 · 18th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers5.9
  13. 13Li PengLi Peng1928–2019 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians5.4
  14. 14Lee Teng-huiLee Teng-hui1923–2020 · 20th century · Politicians5.2
  15. 15Yuan ShikaiYuan Shikai1859–1916 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians5.0
  16. 16LaoziLaozi579 BC–500 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics4.7
  17. 17Lin YutangLin Yutang1895–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers4.6
  18. 18Soong Ching-lingSoong Ching-ling1893–1981 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians4.4
  19. 19GMGao Ming1305–1370 · 14th century · Writers3.4
  20. 20Zhuang ZhouZhuang Zhou369 BC–288 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Academics2.8
  21. 21Li BaiLi Bai701–762 · 8th century · Writers2.3
  22. 22Kang YouweiKang Youwei1858–1927 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians2.3
  23. 23Li HongzhangLi Hongzhang1823–1901 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians2.0
  24. 24WCWang Chong27–97 · 1st century · Scientists1.9
  25. 25Wang AnshiWang Anshi1021–1086 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.7
  26. 26Yan FuYan Fu1854–1921 · 19th century · Writers1.6
  27. 27Zhu XiZhu Xi1130–1200 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.4
  28. 28Hong XiuquanHong Xiuquan1814–1864 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.4
  29. 29Zhuge LiangZhuge Liang181–234 · 3rd century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.3
  30. 30Park Chung-heePark Chung-hee1917–1979 · 20th century · 🇰🇷 South Korea · Politicians1.3
  31. 31Zhao ZiyangZhao Ziyang1919–2005 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.2
  32. 32Dong ZhongshuDong Zhongshu179 BC–104 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians1.2
  33. 33Qu YuanQu Yuan343 BC–278 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.2
  34. 34Hsu Shih-changHsu Shih-chang1855–1939 · 19th century · Politicians1.2
  35. 35Du FuDu Fu712–770 · 8th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  36. 36Wang FuzhiWang Fuzhi1619–1692 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  37. 37Sima QianSima Qian145 BC–86 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  38. 38Wu QiWu Qi440 BC–381 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians1.0
  39. 39Liu ZongyuanLiu Zongyuan773–819 · 9th century · Writers1.0
  40. 40Kim Il-sungKim Il-sung1912–1994 · 20th century · Politicians1.0
  41. 41LSLi Si280 BC–208 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.0
  42. 42Li ZichengLi Zicheng1606–1645 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.96
  43. 43Hu JintaoHu Jintaoborn 1942 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.93
  44. 44MoziMozi470 BC–391 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.86
  45. 45Cao CaoCao Cao155–220 · 2nd century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.83
  46. 46Xun KuangXun Kuang313 BC–230 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.73
  47. 47Tan SitongTan Sitong1865–1898 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.73
  48. 48Lin Tse-hsuLin Tse-hsu1785–1850 · 19th century · Politicians0.69
  49. 49Wen TianxiangWen Tianxiang1236–1283 · 13th century · Politicians0.66
  50. 50Hua GuofengHua Guofeng1921–2008 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.64
  51. 51Mo YanMo Yanborn 1955 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.59
  52. 52Wu ZetianWu Zetian624–705 · 7th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.58
  53. 53Li QiangLi Qiangborn 1959 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.57
  54. 54Hai RuiHai Rui1514–1587 · 16th century0.56
  55. 55CSChen Shou233–297 · 3rd century · Writers0.52
  56. 56Zhang YimouZhang Yimouborn 1950 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Directors0.50
  57. 57Chiang Ching-kuoChiang Ching-kuo1910–1988 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.49
  58. 58Tao YuanmingTao Yuanming365–427 · 5th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.49
  59. 59Wang YangmingWang Yangming1472–1529 · 16th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.49
  60. 60Bai JuyiBai Juyi772–846 · 9th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.45
  61. 61Jackie ChanJackie Chanborn 1954 · 20th century · 🇺🇸 United States · Actors0.43
  62. 62Shen KuoShen Kuo1031–1095 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Scientists0.42
  63. 63Li YuanhongLi Yuanhong1864–1928 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.41
  64. 64Zheng HeZheng He1371–1433 · 15th century · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures0.41
  65. 65KoxingaKoxinga1624–1662 · 17th century · 🇯🇵 Japan · Politicians0.39
  66. 66Zhu RongjiZhu Rongjiborn 1928 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.39
  67. 67Chen-ning YangChen-ning Yang1922–2025 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Scientists0.38
  68. 68Lee Kuan YewLee Kuan Yew1923–2015 · 20th century · Politicians0.37
  69. 69Ma LongMa Longborn 1988 · 21st century · 🇨🇳 China · Actors0.37
  70. 70Shi KefaShi Kefa1601–1645 · 17th century · Politicians0.37
  71. 71Dai ZhenDai Zhen1724–1777 · 18th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.34
  72. 72DXDeng Xi545 BC–501 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.31
  73. 73Zeng GuofanZeng Guofan1811–1872 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.30
  74. 74Liu BeiLiu Bei161–223 · 2nd century0.28
  75. 75Han YuHan Yu768–824 · 9th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.28
  76. 76ShitaoShitao1642–1707 · 17th century · Artists0.28
  77. 77Liu XiaoboLiu Xiaobo1955–2017 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.27
  78. 78Bada ShanrenBada Shanren1626–1705 · 17th century · Artists0.27
  79. 79Guan HanqingGuan Hanqing1210–1298 · 13th century · Writers0.27
  80. 80Pu SonglingPu Songling1640–1715 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.25
  81. 81Xu XiakeXu Xiake1587–1641 · 17th century · Historical Figures0.24
  82. 82Hongwu EmperorHongwu Emperor1328–1398 · 14th century · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures0.23
  83. 83Gu KaizhiGu Kaizhi345–406 · 4th century · Artists0.23
  84. 84Su ShiSu Shi1037–1101 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.22
  85. 85He ZhizhangHe Zhizhang659–744 · 7th century · Writers0.22
  86. 86Gu YanwuGu Yanwu1613–1682 · 17th century · Writers0.21
  87. 87Gao XingjianGao Xingjianborn 1940 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.21
  88. 88Fang LaFang Ladied 1121 · 12th century0.21
  89. 89Hui ShiHui Shi370 BC–310 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.20
  90. 90Zhang ZaiZhang Zai1020–1077 · 11th century · Academics0.19
  91. 91Yu QianYu Qian1398–1457 · 15th century · Writers0.19
  92. 92Wen JiabaoWen Jiabaoborn 1942 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.18
  93. 93Ban GuBan Gu32–92 · 1st century · Writers0.18
  94. 94Li ShizhenLi Shizhen1517–1593 · 16th century · Scientists0.18
  95. 95Qi BaishiQi Baishi1864–1957 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Artists0.16
  96. 96Song YingxingSong Yingxing1587–1666 · 17th century · Writers0.16
  97. 97Xu GuangqiXu Guangqi1562–1633 · 16th century · Politicians0.15
  98. 98Lu YouLu You1125–1210 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.15
  99. 99Liu YuxiLiu Yuxi772–842 · 9th century · Writers0.14
  100. 100Huang ZongxiHuang Zongxi1610–1695 · 17th century · Academics0.14

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 20th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇮🇹 Italy🇮🇳 India🇯🇵 Japan🇨🇳 China🇨🇦 Canada🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllActorsPoliticiansMusiciansWritersDirectorsHistorical FiguresAcademicsFootballersScientistsArtists
  1. 1Hannah ArendtHannah Arendt1906–1975 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics8 decades
  2. 2Martin HeideggerMartin Heidegger1889–1976 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics10 decades
  3. 3Dietrich BonhoefferDietrich Bonhoeffer1906–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics8 decades
  4. 4Erich FrommErich Fromm1900–1980 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics9 decades
  5. 5Jürgen HabermasJürgen Habermas1929–2026 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics8 decades
  6. 6Edith SteinEdith Stein1891–1942 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics10 decades
  7. 7Carl SchmittCarl Schmitt1888–1985 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  8. 8Herbert MarcuseHerbert Marcuse1898–1979 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics8 decades
  9. 9Emmy NoetherEmmy Noether1882–1935 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics7 decades
  10. 10Klaus SchwabKlaus Schwabborn 1938 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  11. 11Martin BuberMartin Buber1878–1965 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics12 decades
  12. 12Alfred WegenerAlfred Wegener1880–1930 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics12 decades
  13. 13Emanuel LaskerEmanuel Lasker1868–1941 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics5 decades
  14. 14Walther FunkWalther Funk1890–1960 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  15. 15Max HorkheimerMax Horkheimer1895–1973 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics9 decades
  16. 16Niklas LuhmannNiklas Luhmann1927–1998 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  17. 17Hans-Georg GadamerHans-Georg Gadamer1900–2002 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics8 decades
  18. 18Ernst CassirerErnst Cassirer1874–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics12 decades
  19. 19Hans-Hermann HoppeHans-Hermann Hoppeborn 1949 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  20. 20Peter SloterdijkPeter Sloterdijkborn 1947 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  21. 21Kurt LewinKurt Lewin1890–1947 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics9 decades
  22. 22Paul TillichPaul Tillich1886–1965 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics10 decades
  23. 23Ernst BlochErnst Bloch1885–1977 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics12 decades
  24. 24Otto OhlendorfOtto Ohlendorf1907–1951 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  25. 25Herman GrefHerman Grefborn 1964 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  26. 26Max SchelerMax Scheler1874–1928 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  27. 27Thilo SarrazinThilo Sarrazinborn 1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  28. 28Karl HaushoferKarl Haushofer1869–1946 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  29. 29Theodore von KármánTheodore von Kármán1881–1963 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  30. 30Hermann WeylHermann Weyl1885–1955 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  31. 31Rudolf CarnapRudolf Carnap1891–1970 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics9 decades
  32. 32Victor KlempererVictor Klemperer1881–1960 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  33. 33Gerd FaltingsGerd Faltingsborn 1954 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  34. 34Hans JonasHans Jonas1903–1993 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  35. 35Karl RahnerKarl Rahner1904–1984 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  36. 36Bernd LuckeBernd Luckeborn 1962 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  37. 37Richard David PrechtRichard David Prechtborn 1964 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  38. 38Hans SpeidelHans Speidel1897–1984 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  39. 39Aby WarburgAby Warburg1866–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  40. 40Moritz SchlickMoritz Schlick1882–1936 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  41. 41Rudolf BultmannRudolf Bultmann1884–1976 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics10 decades
  42. 42Wassily LeontiefWassily Leontief1906–1999 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics7 decades
  43. 43Günther AndersGünther Anders1902–1992 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  44. 44Romano GuardiniRomano Guardini1885–1968 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  45. 45Maria ReicheMaria Reiche1903–1998 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  46. 46Jörg MeuthenJörg Meuthenborn 1961 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  47. 47Gottfried FederGottfried Feder1883–1941 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  48. 48Charles Proteus SteinmetzCharles Proteus Steinmetz1865–1923 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  49. 49Luigi ColaniLuigi Colani1928–2019 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  50. 50E. F. SchumacherE. F. Schumacher1911–1977 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  51. 51Jürgen MoltmannJürgen Moltmann1926–2024 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  52. 52Axel HonnethAxel Honnethborn 1949 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  53. 53Carl ClaubergCarl Clauberg1898–1957 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  54. 54Robert MichelsRobert Michels1876–1936 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  55. 55Erich AuerbachErich Auerbach1892–1957 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  56. 56Theodor LessingTheodor Lessing1872–1933 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  57. 57Max WertheimerMax Wertheimer1880–1943 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  58. 58Wolfgang KöhlerWolfgang Köhler1887–1967 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  59. 59Ernst ZermeloErnst Zermelo1871–1953 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  60. 60Arnold GehlenArnold Gehlen1904–1976 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  61. 61Franz RosenzweigFranz Rosenzweig1886–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  62. 62Jan AssmannJan Assmann1938–2024 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  63. 63Nicolai HartmannNicolai Hartmann1882–1950 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  64. 64Max DelbrückMax Delbrück1906–1981 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  65. 65Konstantinos CarathéodoryKonstantinos Carathéodory1873–1950 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  66. 66Martin WinterkornMartin Winterkornborn 1947 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  67. 67Harald zur HausenHarald zur Hausen1936–2023 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics4 decades
  68. 68HBHans Blumenberg1920–1996 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  69. 69Ernest MandelErnest Mandel1923–1995 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  70. 70Hans F. K. GüntherHans F. K. Günther1891–1968 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  71. 71Ludwig KlagesLudwig Klages1872–1956 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  72. 72Rainer BrüderleRainer Brüderleborn 1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  73. 73Josef PieperJosef Pieper1904–1997 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  74. 74Dietrich von HildebrandDietrich von Hildebrand1889–1977 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  75. 75Richard CourantRichard Courant1888–1972 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  76. 76KLKarl Löwith1897–1973 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  77. 77Hans ReichenbachHans Reichenbach1891–1953 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  78. 78Annemarie SchimmelAnnemarie Schimmel1922–2003 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  79. 79Hans Gerhard CreutzfeldtHans Gerhard Creutzfeldt1885–1964 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  80. 80Eugen DrewermannEugen Drewermannborn 1940 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  81. 81Arthur ScherbiusArthur Scherbius1878–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  82. 82Ernst KretschmerErnst Kretschmer1888–1964 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  83. 83Joseph B. SoloveitchikJoseph B. Soloveitchik1903–1993 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  84. 84Uta FrithUta Frithborn 1941 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  85. 85Walter KaufmannWalter Kaufmann1921–1980 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  86. 86Reinhard SeltenReinhard Selten1930–2016 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics6 decades
  87. 87Philipp von BoeselagerPhilipp von Boeselager1917–2008 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  88. 88Eugen FischerEugen Fischer1874–1967 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  89. 89Rudolf ArnheimRudolf Arnheim1904–2007 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  90. 90Alfred WeberAlfred Weber1868–1958 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  91. 91Wolfhart PannenbergWolfhart Pannenberg1928–2014 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  92. 92Wilhelm RöpkeWilhelm Röpke1899–1966 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  93. 93Carl Gustav HempelCarl Gustav Hempel1905–1997 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  94. 94Rüdiger SafranskiRüdiger Safranskiborn 1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  95. 95Karl LehmannKarl Lehmann1936–2018 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  96. 96Karl August WittfogelKarl August Wittfogel1896–1988 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  97. 97Leo BaeckLeo Baeck1873–1956 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  98. 98Franz SixFranz Six1909–1975 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  99. 99Ludwig MüllerLudwig Müller1883–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—
  100. 100Margot KäßmannMargot Käßmannborn 1958 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academicsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.