Claim profile
1810–1819

The 1810s

Whose names filled the books of the 1810s — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in English books during the 1810s — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish8,222French1,794German1,700Italian1,318Spanish575Russian46Hebrew42Chinese1
  1. 1JesusJesus5 BC–30 · 1st century · Religious Figures123
  2. 2HomerHomer900 BC–800 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers20
  3. 3CiceroCicero106 BC–43 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians17
  4. 4VirgilVirgil70 BC–19 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers16
  5. 5AugustusAugustus63 BC–14 · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians14
  6. 6AristotleAristotle384 BC–322 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics12
  7. 7PlatoPlato428 BC–348 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics11
  8. 8Charles II, Lord of MonacoCharles II, Lord of Monaco1555–1589 · 16th century · Politicians8.1
  9. 9Charles II, Duke of Münsterberg-OelsCharles II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels1545–1617 · 16th century · Historical Figures8.1
  10. 10Charles II, Duke of SavoyCharles II, Duke of Savoy1489–1496 · 15th century · Historical Figures8.1
  11. 11PlutarchPlutarch40–120 · 1st century · Academics8.0
  12. 12SocratesSocrates470 BC–399 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇧🇷 Brazil · Academics7.2
  13. 13OvidOvid43 BC–17 · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers7.2
  14. 14StraboStrabo63 BC–23 · 1st millennium BC · Academics6.4
  15. 15HerodotusHerodotus484 BC–425 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers6.2
  16. 16HIHenry IV, Count of Waldeck1300–1348 · 14th century4.8
  17. 17Henry IV, Count of LuxembourgHenry IV, Count of Luxembourg1113–1196 · 12th century · Politicians4.8
  18. 18HIHenry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg1463–1514 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany4.8
  19. 19Henry IV, Holy Roman EmperorHenry IV, Holy Roman Emperor1050–1106 · 11th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures4.8
  20. 20Henry IV, Duke of LimburgHenry IV, Duke of Limburg1195–1247 · 13th century · Historical Figures4.8
  21. 21Henry IV, Duke of BrabantHenry IV, Duke of Brabant1251–1272 · 13th century4.8
  22. 22DemosthenesDemosthenes384 BC–322 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians4.4
  23. 23LivyLivy59 BC–17 · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers4.1
  24. 24OrigenOrigen185–254 · 3rd century · 🇪🇬 Egypt · Academics3.9
  25. 25CharlemagneCharlemagne748–814 · 8th century · Historical Figures3.9
  26. 26XenophonXenophon430 BC–354 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics3.8
  27. 27Henry III, Duke of GłogówHenry III, Duke of Głogów1251–1309 · 13th century · Politicians3.6
  28. 28Henry III, Margrave of Baden-HachbergHenry III, Margrave of Baden-Hachberg1300–1330 · 14th century · Models3.6
  29. 29Henry III, Count of GoriziaHenry III, Count of Gorizia1263–1323 · 13th century3.6
  30. 30Henry III, Holy Roman EmperorHenry III, Holy Roman Emperor1016–1056 · 11th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures3.6
  31. 31Henry III, Count of LouvainHenry III, Count of Louvain1060–1095 · 11th century · Politicians3.6
  32. 32HIHenry III, Count of Luxembourg1070–1096 · 11th century · Historical Figures3.6
  33. 33Henry III, Duke of Münsterberg-OelsHenry III, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels1542–1587 · 16th century3.6
  34. 34Henry III, Count of Schauenburg-HolsteinHenry III, Count of Schauenburg-Holstein1370–1421 · 15th century3.6
  35. 35CleopatraCleopatra69 BC–30 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇪🇬 Egypt · Historical Figures3.3
  36. 36Henry VII, Holy Roman EmperorHenry VII, Holy Roman Emperor1275–1313 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France3.3
  37. 37PindarPindar517 BC–437 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers3.3
  38. 38Henry VIHenry VI1376–1454 · 15th century3.2
  39. 39Henry VI, Count of LuxembourgHenry VI, Count of Luxembourg1240–1288 · 13th century · Politicians3.2
  40. 40HVHenry VI, Count of Waldeck1340–1397 · 14th century3.2
  41. 41EuripidesEuripides480 BC–406 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers3.2
  42. 42PythagorasPythagoras582 BC–490 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics3.2
  43. 43James II, Count of UrgellJames II, Count of Urgell1388–1433 · 15th century3.2
  44. 44EuclidEuclid333 BC–285 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics3.2
  45. 45Robert WalpoleRobert Walpole1676–1745 · 18th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Politicians3.1
  46. 46Isaac NewtonIsaac Newton1642–1727 · 17th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Academics3.0
  47. 47PericlesPericles494 BC–429 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians3.0
  48. 48Lord ByronLord Byron1788–1824 · 19th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers2.9
  49. 49Henry II, Duke of ZiębiceHenry II, Duke of Ziębice1396–1420 · 15th century2.9
  50. 50Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-AscherslebenHenry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben1215–1266 · 13th century · Historical Figures2.9
  51. 51Henry II, Duke of Münsterberg-OelsHenry II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels1507–1548 · 16th century2.9
  52. 52Henry II, Holy Roman EmperorHenry II, Holy Roman Emperor973–1024 · 11th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.9
  53. 53Henry II, Count of ChampagneHenry II, Count of Champagne1166–1197 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures2.9
  54. 54HIHenry II, Margrave of the Nordmark1102–1128 · 12th century2.9
  55. 55Henry II, Duke of ŚwidnicaHenry II, Duke of Świdnica1312–1345 · 14th century2.9
  56. 56Henry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-StendalHenry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal1308–1320 · 14th century · Models2.9
  57. 57Henry II , Duke of Lower LorraineHenry II , Duke of Lower Lorraine1059–1119 · 11th century2.9
  58. 58Henry II, Duke of Brunswick-GrubenhagenHenry II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen1289–1351 · 14th century · Historical Figures2.9
  59. 59Henry II, Count of Holstein-RendsburgHenry II, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg1317–1390 · 14th century2.9
  60. 60Henry IIHenry II1207–1248 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians2.9
  61. 61TrajanTrajan53–117 · 1st century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians2.8
  62. 62Julius CaesarJulius Caesar100 BC–44 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians2.7
  63. 63William JonesWilliam Jones1746–1794 · 18th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Academics2.6
  64. 64John the BaptistJohn the Baptist6 BC–30 · 1st century · 🇮🇱 Israel · Religious Figures2.6
  65. 65TertullianTertullian160–240 · 2nd century · Academics2.6
  66. 66VespasianVespasian9–79 · 1st century · Politicians2.5
  67. 67AristophanesAristophanes445 BC–385 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers2.5
  68. 68SolonSolon630 BC–560 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers2.5
  69. 69OthoOtho32–69 · 1st century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians2.5
  70. 70LucanLucan39–65 · 1st century · Writers2.5
  71. 71SophoclesSophocles496 BC–406 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers2.5
  72. 72HippocratesHippocrates460 BC–370 BC · 1st millennium BC · Doctors2.4
  73. 73Ben JonsonBen Jonson1572–1637 · 17th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers2.3
  74. 74Joseph BanksJoseph Banks1743–1820 · 18th century · Scientists2.3
  75. 75Richard IIRichard II963–1026 · 10th century · 🇫🇷 France2.3
  76. 76AlcibiadesAlcibiades450 BC–404 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians2.3
  77. 77HesiodHesiodborn 776 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers2.2
  78. 78BedeBede672–735 · 8th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers2.2
  79. 79Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great356 BC–323 BC · 1st millennium BC · Historical Figures2.2
  80. 80ThucydidesThucydides460 BC–395 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers2.2
  81. 81LucretiusLucretius94 BC–55 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers2.0
  82. 82AhabAhab918 BC–852 BC · 1st millennium BC · Models2.0
  83. 83William the ConquerorWilliam the Conqueror1028–1087 · 11th century · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures2.0
  84. 84Oliver CromwellOliver Cromwell1599–1658 · 17th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Politicians2.0
  85. 85GalenGalen129–300 · 2nd century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Doctors2.0
  86. 86George II, Duke of Münsterberg-OelsGeorge II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels1512–1553 · 16th century1.9
  87. 87George II, Duke of Württemberg-MontbéliardGeorge II, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard1626–1699 · 17th century1.9
  88. 88George II, Duke of BriegGeorge II, Duke of Brieg1523–1586 · 16th century1.9
  89. 89DomitianDomitian51–96 · 1st century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians1.9
  90. 90John SmithJohn Smith1580–1631 · 17th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Historical Figures1.8
  91. 91ThemistoclesThemistocles524 BC–459 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians1.8
  92. 92PolybiusPolybius200 BC–120 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers1.8
  93. 93SuetoniusSuetonius70–126 · 2nd century · Writers1.8
  94. 94Warren HastingsWarren Hastings1732–1818 · 18th century · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Politicians1.7
  95. 95EpicurusEpicurus342 BC–270 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics1.7
  96. 96WIWilliam III, Count of Burgundy1110–1127 · 12th century · Historical Figures1.6
  97. 97WIWilliam III, Duke of Aquitaine910–963 · 10th century1.6
  98. 98WIWilliam III, Count of Jülich1150–1218 · 12th century · Historical Figures1.6
  99. 99WIWilliam III, Marquess of Montferrat970–1042 · 11th century · Historical Figures1.6
  100. 100William III, Count of ToulouseWilliam III, Count of Toulouse975–1037 · 11th century · Historical Figures1.6

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 1810s, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

  1. 1Simón BolívarSimón Bolívar1783–1830 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians21 decades
  2. 2Jane AustenJane Austen1775–1817 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers19 decades
  3. 3Carl Friedrich GaussCarl Friedrich Gauss1777–1855 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics11 decades
  4. 4Alexander I of RussiaAlexander I of Russia1777–1825 · Historical Figures21 decades
  5. 5StendhalStendhal1783–1842 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers22 decades
  6. 6José de San MartínJosé de San Martín1778–1850 · 🇦🇷 Argentina · Politicians21 decades
  7. 7J. M. W. TurnerJ. M. W. Turner1775–1851 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists22 decades
  8. 8Carl von ClausewitzCarl von Clausewitz1780–1831 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers12 decades
  9. 9Ferdinand VII of SpainFerdinand VII of Spain1784–1833 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Models19 decades
  10. 10E. T. A. HoffmannE. T. A. Hoffmann1776–1822 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers21 decades
  11. 11Niccolò PaganiniNiccolò Paganini1782–1840 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians18 decades
  12. 12Heinrich von KleistHeinrich von Kleist1777–1811 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers22 decades
  13. 13Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresJean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres1780–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  14. 14Martin Van BurenMartin Van Buren1782–1862 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians21 decades
  15. 15André-Marie AmpèreAndré-Marie Ampère1775–1836 · 🇫🇷 France · Scientists15 decades
  16. 16Ugo FoscoloUgo Foscolo1778–1827 · Writers22 decades
  17. 17Zachary TaylorZachary Taylor1784–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades
  18. 18Vasily ZhukovskyVasily Zhukovsky1783–1852 · Writers16 decades
  19. 19Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph SchellingFriedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling1775–1854 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics9 decades
  20. 20Bernardo O'HigginsBernardo O'Higgins1778–1842 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians21 decades
  21. 21Agustín I of MexicoAgustín I of Mexico1783–1824 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0 decades
  22. 22Louis BonaparteLouis Bonaparte1778–1846 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians22 decades
  23. 23Sophie GermainSophie Germain1776–1831 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics18 decades
  24. 24Washington IrvingWashington Irving1783–1859 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers22 decades
  25. 25Karl Friedrich SchinkelKarl Friedrich Schinkel1781–1841 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Architects16 decades
  26. 26Amedeo AvogadroAmedeo Avogadro1776–1856 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Scientists19 decades
  27. 27Hans Christian ØrstedHans Christian Ørsted1777–1851 · Scientists0 decades
  28. 28Marie Thérèse of FranceMarie Thérèse of France1778–1851 · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures8 decades
  29. 29Joseph Louis Gay-LussacJoseph Louis Gay-Lussac1778–1850 · 🇫🇷 France · Scientistsnot measured—
  30. 30John ConstableJohn Constable1776–1837 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists22 decades
  31. 31Friedrich FröbelFriedrich Fröbel1782–1852 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Educators18 decades
  32. 32Humphry DavyHumphry Davy1778–1829 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists22 decades
  33. 33Jöns Jacob BerzeliusJöns Jacob Berzelius1779–1848 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Scientists0 decades
  34. 34George StephensonGeorge Stephenson1781–1848 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists22 decades
  35. 35Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount PalmerstonHenry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston1784–1865 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Politiciansnot measured—
  36. 36Vicente GuerreroVicente Guerrero1782–1831 · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Politicians21 decades
  37. 37Louis Antoine, Duke of AngoulêmeLouis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême1775–1844 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians2 decades
  38. 38Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of RussiaGrand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia1779–1831 · Politicians20 decades
  39. 39Daoguang EmperorDaoguang Emperor1782–1850 · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures4 decades
  40. 40Jérôme BonaparteJérôme Bonaparte1784–1860 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians22 decades
  41. 41Louise of Mecklenburg-StrelitzLouise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz1776–1810 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0 decades
  42. 42Désirée ClaryDésirée Clary1777–1860 · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures14 decades
  43. 43Ching ShihChing Shih1775–1844 · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  44. 44Ioannis KapodistriasIoannis Kapodistrias1776–1831 · Politiciansnot measured—
  45. 45Eugène François VidocqEugène François Vidocq1775–1857 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0 decades
  46. 46SacagaweaSacagawea1788–1812 · 🇺🇸 United States · Historical Figures9 decades
  47. 47Eugène de BeauharnaisEugène de Beauharnais1781–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians21 decades
  48. 48Kamehameha IKamehameha I1800–1819 · 🇺🇸 United States · Historical Figures13 decades
  49. 49William Lamb, 2nd Viscount MelbourneWilliam Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne1779–1848 · Politiciansnot measured—
  50. 50John C. CalhounJohn C. Calhoun1782–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades
  51. 51Hortense de BeauharnaisHortense de Beauharnais1783–1837 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians20 decades
  52. 52Marie-Antoine CarêmeMarie-Antoine Carême1784–1833 · 🇫🇷 France · Chefs0 decades
  53. 53Gustav IV Adolf of SwedenGustav IV Adolf of Sweden1778–1837 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Historical Figures8 decades
  54. 54Bahadur Shah ZafarBahadur Shah Zafar1775–1862 · 🇮🇳 India · Historical Figures6 decades
  55. 55Lucien BonaparteLucien Bonaparte1775–1840 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians22 decades
  56. 56Caroline BonaparteCaroline Bonaparte1782–1839 · 🇫🇷 France18 decades
  57. 57Princess Charlotte of WalesPrincess Charlotte of Wales1796–1817 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Historical Figures1 decades
  58. 58Carlota Joaquina of SpainCarlota Joaquina of Spain1775–1830 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures14 decades
  59. 59Francis I of the Two SiciliesFrancis I of the Two Sicilies1777–1830 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politiciansnot measured—
  60. 60Thomas Stamford RafflesThomas Stamford Raffles1781–1826 · Politicians6 decades
  61. 61Daniel O'ConnellDaniel O'Connell1775–1847 · Politicians22 decades
  62. 62Thomas MooreThomas Moore1779–1852 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers22 decades
  63. 63Elizabeth AlexeievnaElizabeth Alexeievna1779–1826 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0 decades
  64. 64Sarah BaartmanSarah Baartman1789–1815 · 🇿🇦 South Africa0 decades
  65. 65Pauline BonapartePauline Bonaparte1780–1825 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians20 decades
  66. 66Fabian Gottlieb von BellingshausenFabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen1778–1852 · Historical Figures2 decades
  67. 67Charles LambCharles Lamb1775–1834 · Writers22 decades
  68. 68Clemens BrentanoClemens Brentano1778–1842 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers22 decades
  69. 69Johann Nepomuk HummelJohann Nepomuk Hummel1778–1837 · Musicians8 decades
  70. 70Francis Scott KeyFrancis Scott Key1779–1843 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers14 decades
  71. 71Ivan PaskevichIvan Paskevich1782–1856 · Politicians0 decades
  72. 72Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha1784–1844 · 🇩🇪 Germany22 decades
  73. 73Maria Amalia of Naples and SicilyMaria Amalia of Naples and Sicily1782–1866 · 🇫🇷 France · Politiciansnot measured—
  74. 74Henry ClayHenry Clay1777–1852 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades
  75. 75Ranjit SinghRanjit Singh1780–1839 · Historical Figures18 decades
  76. 76Louisa AdamsLouisa Adams1775–1852 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers0 decades
  77. 77Richard Mentor JohnsonRichard Mentor Johnson1780–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades
  78. 78René LaennecRené Laennec1781–1826 · 🇫🇷 France · Doctors0 decades
  79. 79SwaminarayanSwaminarayan1781–1830 · 🇮🇳 India6 decades
  80. 80Juliette RécamierJuliette Récamier1777–1849 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers12 decades
  81. 81Andrés BelloAndrés Bello1781–1865 · Politicians22 decades
  82. 82George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of AberdeenGeorge Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen1784–1860 · Politiciansnot measured—
  83. 83Mary SomervilleMary Somerville1780–1872 · Scientists11 decades
  84. 84Elisa BonaparteElisa Bonaparte1777–1820 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians4 decades
  85. 85Adelbert von ChamissoAdelbert von Chamisso1781–1838 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers19 decades
  86. 86Bernardino RivadaviaBernardino Rivadavia1780–1845 · 🇦🇷 Argentina · Politicians21 decades
  87. 87William HazlittWilliam Hazlitt1778–1830 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers21 decades
  88. 88Wilhelm I of WürttembergWilhelm I of Württemberg1781–1864 · Historical Figures22 decades
  89. 89Friedrich Ludwig JahnFriedrich Ludwig Jahn1778–1853 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Educators22 decades
  90. 90Charles Ferdinand, Duke of BerryCharles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry1778–1820 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians1 decades
  91. 91Bernard BolzanoBernard Bolzano1781–1848 · Academics14 decades
  92. 92Johann Friedrich HerbartJohann Friedrich Herbart1776–1841 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics17 decades
  93. 93John FieldJohn Field1782–1837 · Musicians22 decades
  94. 94William BucklandWilliam Buckland1784–1856 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists14 decades
  95. 95Catherine Pavlovna of RussiaCatherine Pavlovna of Russia1788–1819 · Historical Figures21 decades
  96. 96Roger B. TaneyRoger B. Taney1777–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades
  97. 97Archduke John of AustriaArchduke John of Austria1782–1859 · Politicians15 decades
  98. 98Caroline of BadenCaroline of Baden1776–1841 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0 decades
  99. 99Rafael del RiegoRafael del Riego1784–1823 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians21 decades
  100. 100Hugh GlassHugh Glass1783–1833 · 🇺🇸 United States · Historical Figures5 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.