Italian violinist and composer (1782–1840)
A violinist so ferociously skilled that audiences whispered he'd sold his soul to the devil. Paganini's technical command rewrote what the instrument could do, and his 24 Caprices remain a rite of passage no serious player escapes.
The son of a Genoese ship chandler, Paganini showed extraordinary musical ability early and studied under Alessandro Rolla, Ferdinando Paer, and Gasparo Ghiretti. He toured northern Italy as a teenager with his father, and by 1805 had entered the service of Elisa Bonaparte, Napoleon's sister, as first violin in Lucca. From 1809 he returned to the road and spent the next two and a half decades building continental fame through technical brilliance and raw showmanship, living just as extravagantly offstage. He ended his concert career in 1834 as his health failed, then watched a Paris casino ven…
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