King of the Romans from 1308 to 1313 (1275–1313)
He was the first Holy Roman Emperor in over sixty years, ending a long imperial vacuum called the Great Interregnum. Henry of Luxembourg revived the crown's authority in Italy, won Dante's admiration, and died young enough that his work nearly collapsed behind him.
Born sometime between 1275 and 1279, Henry was Count of Luxembourg before his election as King of Germany in 1308 and coronation as Holy Roman Emperor in 1312—the first of his house to hold the title. He arrived in Italy determined to restore imperial power amid the bitter Guelph-Ghibelline wars, and for a moment the cause looked alive again; Dino Compagni and Dante Alighieri both praised him. But he died on 24 August 1313, barely a year into his emperorship. His son John of Bohemia lost the succession struggle, another anti-king rose to challenge the next emperor, and the brief flare of Luxem…
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