Claim profile
1860–1869

The 1860s

Whose names filled the books of the 1860s — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Russian books during the 1860s — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish12,501German2,977French2,875Italian1,586Spanish946Russian176Hebrew81
  1. 1Patriarch Nikon of MoscowPatriarch Nikon of Moscow1605–1681 · 17th century · Religious Figures11
  2. 2Macarius, Metropolitan of MoscowMacarius, Metropolitan of Moscow1482–1563 · 16th century · Writers3.6
  3. 3Maximus the GreekMaximus the Greek1475–1556 · 16th century · Writers1.5
  4. 4Grigory PotemkinGrigory Potemkin1739–1791 · 18th century · Politicians1.2
  5. 5Patriarch JoachimPatriarch Joachim1621–1690 · 17th century1.0
  6. 6Grand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of RussiaGrand Duke Nicholas Mikhailovich of Russia1859–1919 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.79
  7. 7Ivan I Aleksandrovich, Prince of SmolenskIvan I Aleksandrovich, Prince of Smolenskdied 1359 · 14th century0.79
  8. 8Anna of RussiaAnna of Russia1693–1740 · 18th century · Politicians0.73
  9. 9Avraamy PalitsynAvraamy Palitsyn1550–1626 · 16th century · Writers0.70
  10. 10Grigory OrlovGrigory Orlov1734–1783 · 18th century · Historical Figures0.69
  11. 11Boris GodunovBoris Godunov1552–1605 · 16th century · Politicians0.57
  12. 12Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of RussiaGrand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia1832–1909 · 19th century · Politicians0.50
  13. 13Vasili IV of RussiaVasili IV of Russia1552–1612 · 16th century · Historical Figures0.46
  14. 14Alexander I of RussiaAlexander I of Russia1777–1825 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.46
  15. 15Ivan I of TverIvan I of Tver1357–1425 · 14th century · Historical Figures0.45
  16. 16Nicholas Alexandrovich, Tsesarevich of RussiaNicholas Alexandrovich, Tsesarevich of Russia1843–1865 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.44
  17. 17Alexis of RussiaAlexis of Russia1629–1676 · 17th century · Historical Figures0.43
  18. 18Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of RussiaAlexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia1690–1718 · 18th century · Politicians0.42
  19. 19Elizabeth of RussiaElizabeth of Russia1709–1761 · 18th century · Historical Figures0.41
  20. 20Peter the GreatPeter the Great1672–1725 · 18th century · Politicians0.41
  21. 21Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of RussiaGrand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia1779–1831 · 19th century · Politicians0.41
  22. 22Ivan the TerribleIvan the Terrible1530–1584 · 16th century · Politicians0.40
  23. 23Konstantin AksakovKonstantin Aksakov1817–1860 · 19th century · Writers0.36
  24. 24Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of RussiaGrand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia1783–1801 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.34
  25. 25Stefan YavorskyStefan Yavorsky1658–1722 · 17th century · Academics0.32
  26. 26Catherine Pavlovna of RussiaCatherine Pavlovna of Russia1788–1819 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.29
  27. 27Nikita PaninNikita Panin1718–1783 · 18th century · Politicians0.28
  28. 28Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of RussiaGrand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia1827–1892 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.27
  29. 29Nikolay KaramzinNikolay Karamzin1766–1826 · 19th century · Writers0.26
  30. 30Kirill RazumovskyKirill Razumovsky1728–1803 · 18th century · Politicians0.24
  31. 31Alexandra VelyaminovaAlexandra Velyaminova1301–1364 · 14th century0.22
  32. 32Symeon of PolotskSymeon of Polotsk1629–1680 · 17th century · Writers0.21
  33. 33Nicholas RepninNicholas Repnin1734–1801 · 18th century · Writers0.21
  34. 34Pyotr PaninPyotr Panin1721–1789 · 18th century0.19
  35. 35Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of RussiaGrand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia1860–1919 · 19th century · Politicians0.17
  36. 36Alexander MenshikovAlexander Menshikov1673–1729 · 18th century · Politicians0.16
  37. 37Vasily Vasilyevich GolitsynVasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn1643–1714 · 17th century · Politicians0.14
  38. 38Dimitry of RostovDimitry of Rostov1651–1709 · 17th century · Writers0.14
  39. 39Pyotr Andreyevich TolstoyPyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy1645–1729 · 17th century · Writers0.14
  40. 40Ivan Ivanovich ShuvalovIvan Ivanovich Shuvalov1727–1797 · 18th century · Writers0.13
  41. 41Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of RussiaGrand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia1864–1931 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.12
  42. 42Aleksey Petrovich YermolovAleksey Petrovich Yermolov1777–1861 · 19th century · Academics0.12
  43. 43Olga Nikolaevna of RussiaOlga Nikolaevna of Russia1822–1892 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.12
  44. 44Paul I of RussiaPaul I of Russia1754–1801 · 18th century · Historical Figures0.11
  45. 45Ivan BetskoyIvan Betskoy1704–1795 · 18th century · Educators0.10
  46. 46Alexander Sergeyevich MenshikovAlexander Sergeyevich Menshikov1787–1869 · 19th century · Politicians0.10
  47. 47Nikolai LeskovNikolai Leskov1831–1895 · 19th century · Writers0.10
  48. 48Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of RussiaGrand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia1858–1915 · 19th century · Writers0.10
  49. 49Olga Constantinovna of RussiaOlga Constantinovna of Russia1851–1926 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.10
  50. 50Alexander IvanovAlexander Ivanov1806–1858 · 19th century · Artists0.09
  51. 51Konstantin of RostovKonstantin of Rostov1185–1218 · 13th century · Politicians0.08
  52. 52Peter Ivanovich ShuvalovPeter Ivanovich Shuvalov1711–1762 · 18th century · Politicians0.08
  53. 53Ivan MazepaIvan Mazepa1639–1709 · 17th century · Politicians0.08
  54. 54Alexander Stepanovich PopovAlexander Stepanovich Popov1859–1905 · 19th century · Scientists0.08
  55. 55Alexander II of RussiaAlexander II of Russia1818–1881 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.07
  56. 56Boris SheremetevBoris Sheremetev1652–1719 · 17th century · Politicians0.07
  57. 57Alexander SuvorovAlexander Suvorov1730–1800 · 18th century0.07
  58. 58Grand Duke Dimitri Constantinovich of RussiaGrand Duke Dimitri Constantinovich of Russia1860–1919 · 19th century · Politicians0.07
  59. 59Paul of KolomnaPaul of Kolomna1600–1656 · 17th century · Writers0.07
  60. 60Nikolay RumyantsevNikolay Rumyantsev1754–1826 · 18th century · Writers0.07
  61. 61Nicholas I of RussiaNicholas I of Russia1796–1855 · 19th century · Models0.06
  62. 62Gleb UspenskyGleb Uspensky1843–1902 · 19th century · Writers0.06
  63. 63DZDaniil Zatochnik1101–1299 · 12th century · Writers0.06
  64. 64Catherine I of RussiaCatherine I of Russia1684–1727 · 18th century · Historical Figures0.06
  65. 65Luka ZhidiataLuka Zhidiatadied 1059 · 11th century0.06
  66. 66Alexander SumarokovAlexander Sumarokov1717–1777 · 18th century · Writers0.06
  67. 67Nikolay DobrolyubovNikolay Dobrolyubov1836–1861 · 19th century · Academics0.06
  68. 68Alexei Grigoryevich OrlovAlexei Grigoryevich Orlov1737–1807 · 18th century · Politicians0.06
  69. 69Ivan GoncharovIvan Goncharov1812–1891 · 19th century · Writers0.06
  70. 70Joseph VolotskyJoseph Volotsky1440–1515 · 15th century · Writers0.06
  71. 71Grand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of RussiaGrand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of Russia1825–1844 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.06
  72. 72Fyodor DostoevskyFyodor Dostoevsky1821–1881 · 19th century · Writers0.05
  73. 73Yemelyan PugachevYemelyan Pugachev1742–1775 · 18th century · Activists0.05
  74. 74Ivan KrylovIvan Krylov1769–1844 · 19th century · Writers0.05
  75. 75Denis DavydovDenis Davydov1784–1839 · 19th century · Writers0.05
  76. 76Ivan ShishkinIvan Shishkin1831–1898 · 19th century · Artists0.05
  77. 77Leo TolstoyLeo Tolstoy1828–1910 · 19th century · Writers0.05
  78. 78Peter II of RussiaPeter II of Russia1715–1730 · 18th century · Politicians0.05
  79. 79HyacinthHyacinth1777–1853 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.05
  80. 80Antiochus KantemirAntiochus Kantemir1708–1744 · 18th century · Academics0.05
  81. 81Mykhailo MaksymovychMykhailo Maksymovych1804–1873 · 19th century · Writers0.05
  82. 82Vasily TatishchevVasily Tatishchev1686–1750 · 18th century · Historical Figures0.04
  83. 83Kuzma MininKuzma Minindied 1616 · 17th century · Politicians0.04
  84. 84Mikhail of TverMikhail of Tver1271–1318 · 14th century · Politicians0.04
  85. 85Boris of TverBoris of Tver1400–1461 · 15th century0.04
  86. 86VMVsevolod Mstislavich of Volhynia1150–1195 · 12th century0.04
  87. 87Ivan AksakovIvan Aksakov1823–1886 · 19th century · Writers0.04
  88. 88Natalya Alexeevna of RussiaNatalya Alexeevna of Russia1673–1716 · 18th century · Writers0.04
  89. 89Grand Duchess Natalya Alexeyevna of RussiaGrand Duchess Natalya Alexeyevna of Russia1714–1728 · 18th century0.04
  90. 90Ivan FyodorovIvan Fyodorov1510–1583 · 16th century0.04
  91. 91Jacob BruceJacob Bruce1669–1735 · 18th century · Scientists0.04
  92. 92Mikhail SperanskyMikhail Speransky1772–1839 · 19th century · Politicians0.04
  93. 93Michael of RussiaMichael of Russia1596–1645 · 17th century · Historical Figures0.04
  94. 94Sophia Alekseyevna of RussiaSophia Alekseyevna of Russia1657–1704 · 17th century · Politicians0.04
  95. 95Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of RussiaGrand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia1856–1929 · 19th century · Historical Figures0.04
  96. 96Mikhail MiloradovichMikhail Miloradovich1771–1825 · 19th century0.04
  97. 97Afanasy Ordin-NashchokinAfanasy Ordin-Nashchokin1605–1680 · 17th century · Writers0.04
  98. 98Oleg I of ChernigovOleg I of Chernigov1052–1115 · 11th century · Historical Figures0.03
  99. 99Alexander PushkinAlexander Pushkin1799–1837 · 19th century · Writers0.03
  100. 100Peter III of RussiaPeter III of Russia1728–1762 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0.03

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 1860s, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

  1. 1Leo TolstoyLeo Tolstoy1828–1910 · Writers18 decades
  2. 2Jules VerneJules Verne1828–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers16 decades
  3. 3Dmitri MendeleevDmitri Mendeleev1834–1907 · Scientists11 decades
  4. 4James A. GarfieldJames A. Garfield1831–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades
  5. 5Alfred NobelAlfred Nobel1833–1896 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Scientists13 decades
  6. 6Johannes BrahmsJohannes Brahms1833–1897 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians17 decades
  7. 7Franz Joseph I of AustriaFranz Joseph I of Austria1830–1916 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures18 decades
  8. 8Gustave EiffelGustave Eiffel1832–1923 · 🇫🇷 France · Scientists10 decades
  9. 9Lewis CarrollLewis Carroll1832–1898 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers16 decades
  10. 10Porfirio DíazPorfirio Díaz1830–1915 · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Politicians16 decades
  11. 11Emily DickinsonEmily Dickinson1830–1886 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers13 decades
  12. 12Édouard ManetÉdouard Manet1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  13. 13Isabella II of SpainIsabella II of Spain1830–1904 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Models11 decades
  14. 14Johann Strauss IIJohann Strauss II1825–1899 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians16 decades
  15. 15Henrik IbsenHenrik Ibsen1828–1906 · 🇳🇴 Norway · Writers14 decades
  16. 16Chester A. ArthurChester A. Arthur1829–1886 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades
  17. 17Sitting BullSitting Bull1831–1890 · 🇺🇸 United States15 decades
  18. 18Edgar DegasEdgar Degas1834–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  19. 19Frederick III, German EmperorFrederick III, German Emperor1831–1888 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians19 decades
  20. 20Henry DunantHenry Dunant1828–1910 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Founders13 decades
  21. 21James Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk Maxwell1831–1879 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists14 decades
  22. 22Maximilian I of MexicoMaximilian I of Mexico1832–1867 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians19 decades
  23. 23Alexander BorodinAlexander Borodin1833–1887 · Musicians8 decades
  24. 24Frédéric MistralFrédéric Mistral1830–1914 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers17 decades
  25. 25Mikhail Saltykov-ShchedrinMikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin1826–1889 · Writers10 decades
  26. 26GeronimoGeronimo1829–1909 · 🇺🇸 United States · Actorsnot measured—
  27. 27Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro1830–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  28. 28Ernst HaeckelErnst Haeckel1834–1919 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists16 decades
  29. 29Louise MichelLouise Michel1830–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers15 decades
  30. 30Carlo CollodiCarlo Collodi1826–1890 · Writers8 decades
  31. 31Nikolay ChernyshevskyNikolay Chernyshevsky1828–1889 · Writers11 decades
  32. 32Bernhard RiemannBernhard Riemann1826–1866 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics12 decades
  33. 33Louisa May AlcottLouisa May Alcott1832–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers14 decades
  34. 34Helena BlavatskyHelena Blavatsky1831–1891 · Writers2 decades
  35. 35Gustave DoréGustave Doré1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades
  36. 36Benjamin HarrisonBenjamin Harrison1833–1901 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades
  37. 37Wilhelm BuschWilhelm Busch1832–1908 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists15 decades
  38. 38William MorrisWilliam Morris1834–1896 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists19 decades
  39. 39Ivan ShishkinIvan Shishkin1831–1898 · Artists9 decades
  40. 40Gottlieb DaimlerGottlieb Daimler1834–1900 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists11 decades
  41. 41Pedro II of BrazilPedro II of Brazil1825–1891 · 🇧🇷 Brazil · Historical Figures0 decades
  42. 42Nikolai LeskovNikolai Leskov1831–1895 · Writers13 decades
  43. 43Levi StraussLevi Strauss1829–1902 · 🇺🇸 United States · Founders11 decades
  44. 44George BooleGeorge Boole1855–1864 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Academics9 decades
  45. 45John Wilkes BoothJohn Wilkes Booth1838–1865 · 🇺🇸 United States · Actors16 decades
  46. 46Wilhelm WundtWilhelm Wundt1832–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics15 decades
  47. 47Thomas Henry HuxleyThomas Henry Huxley1825–1895 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists16 decades
  48. 48Johanna SpyriJohanna Spyri1827–1901 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Writers11 decades
  49. 49Eugénie de MontijoEugénie de Montijo1826–1920 · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures17 decades
  50. 50Hippolyte TaineHippolyte Taine1828–1893 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers13 decades
  51. 51Ferdinand LassalleFerdinand Lassalle1825–1864 · Writers16 decades
  52. 52Jean-Martin CharcotJean-Martin Charcot1825–1893 · 🇫🇷 France · Doctors4 decades
  53. 53Dante Gabriel RossettiDante Gabriel Rossetti1828–1882 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers15 decades
  54. 54AbdülazizAbdülaziz1830–1876 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musiciansnot measured—
  55. 55Frédéric Auguste BartholdiFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi1834–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  56. 56Oscar II of SwedenOscar II of Sweden1829–1907 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Historical Figures0 decades
  57. 57Anton RubinsteinAnton Rubinstein1829–1894 · Musicians15 decades
  58. 58William-Adolphe BouguereauWilliam-Adolphe Bouguereau1825–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  59. 59Charles XV of SwedenCharles XV of Sweden1826–1872 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Historical Figures0 decades
  60. 60James Abbott McNeill WhistlerJames Abbott McNeill Whistler1834–1903 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists12 decades
  61. 61Paul KrugerPaul Kruger1825–1904 · Politicians14 decades
  62. 62Arnold BöcklinArnold Böcklin1827–1901 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Artists14 decades
  63. 63Jules FerryJules Ferry1832–1893 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians16 decades
  64. 64Joseph ListerJoseph Lister1827–1912 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Doctors18 decades
  65. 65Gustave MoreauGustave Moreau1826–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  66. 66Eadweard MuybridgeEadweard Muybridge1830–1904 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists7 decades
  67. 67John Everett MillaisJohn Everett Millais1829–1896 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  68. 68John Stith PembertonJohn Stith Pemberton1831–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Scientists19 decades
  69. 69Wilhelm DiltheyWilhelm Dilthey1833–1911 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers14 decades
  70. 70Leo von CapriviLeo von Caprivi1831–1899 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians5 decades
  71. 71Ellen G. WhiteEllen G. White1827–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers6 decades
  72. 72Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of SalisburyRobert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury1830–1903 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Politiciansnot measured—
  73. 73Francisco Solano LópezFrancisco Solano López1826–1870 · Politicians18 decades
  74. 74Saigō TakamoriSaigō Takamori1828–1877 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Politicians0 decades
  75. 75Naser al-Din Shah QajarNaser al-Din Shah Qajar1831–1896 · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  76. 76Charles SpurgeonCharles Spurgeon1834–1892 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers6 decades
  77. 77Isma'il PashaIsma'il Pasha1831–1895 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Politicians15 decades
  78. 78Archduke Karl Ludwig of AustriaArchduke Karl Ludwig of Austria1833–1896 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians16 decades
  79. 79Xianfeng EmperorXianfeng Emperor1831–1861 · Historical Figures0 decades
  80. 80Charbel MakhloufCharbel Makhlouf1828–1898 · Religious Figures0 decades
  81. 81Charles George GordonCharles George Gordon1833–1885 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Scientists5 decades
  82. 82Emperor KōmeiEmperor Kōmei1831–1867 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Models0 decades
  83. 83Philip SheridanPhilip Sheridan1831–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians13 decades
  84. 84George Brinton McClellanGeorge Brinton McClellan1826–1885 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades
  85. 85Christina RossettiChristina Rossetti1830–1894 · Writers16 decades
  86. 86Sakamoto RyōmaSakamoto Ryōma1836–1867 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Politicians0 decades
  87. 87Pedro V of PortugalPedro V of Portugal1837–1861 · 🇵🇹 Portugal · Politicians0 decades
  88. 88Lew WallaceLew Wallace1827–1905 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades
  89. 89Nikolaus OttoNikolaus Otto1832–1891 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists0 decades
  90. 90Alfred von SchlieffenAlfred von Schlieffen1833–19130 decades
  91. 91John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron ActonJohn Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton1834–1902 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politiciansnot measured—
  92. 92Élisée ReclusÉlisée Reclus1830–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers16 decades
  93. 93August KekuléAugust Kekulé1829–1896 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists4 decades
  94. 94Dadabhai NaorojiDadabhai Naoroji1825–1917 · 🇮🇳 India · Politicians16 decades
  95. 95Frederic Edwin ChurchFrederic Edwin Church1826–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists3 decades
  96. 96William Holman HuntWilliam Holman Hunt1827–1910 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists5 decades
  97. 97Edward Burne-JonesEdward Burne-Jones1833–1898 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  98. 98Lucretia GarfieldLucretia Garfield1832–1918 · 🇺🇸 United States0 decades
  99. 99Stephen FosterStephen Foster1826–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Musicians18 decades
  100. 100Savitribai PhuleSavitribai Phule1831–1897 · 🇮🇳 India · Writers0 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.