Alfred Nobel
Swedish chemist and inventor (1833-1896) · Sweden · Scientists · Died at 63
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He built a fortune on explosives - dynamite, gelignite, ballistite - then spent it creating prizes for peace, literature, and science. The man who armed wars is remembered for honoring those who advance humanity.
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In their own words 10
, I would not leave anything to a man of action as he would be tempted to give up work; on the other hand, I would like to help dreamers as they find it difficult to get on in life.
If I have a thousand ideas and only one turns out to be good, I am satisfied.
My dynamite will sooner lead to peace than a thousand world conventions.
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Born into Stockholm's Nobel family in 1833, Alfred showed early brilliance in chemistry and languages, filing his first patent at 24. He expanded the family's Bofors company into a major armaments manufacturer, but his breakthrough came in 1867 when he patented dynamite, a stable explosive using nitroglycerin. Two more inventions followed: gelignite in 1875, ballistite in 1887. By his death in 1896, he held 355 patents and had amassed a considerable fortune. In his will, he donated that wealth to establish the Nobel Prizes, awarded annually to those who have "conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." The synthetic element nobelium bears his name.
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