Claim profile
1900–1999

The 20th century

Whose names filled the books of the 20th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Chinese books during the 20th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish28,219German4,127French3,913Italian2,072Spanish1,601Russian838Chinese282Hebrew149
  1. 1Mao ZedongMao Zedong1893–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians275
  2. 2Lu XunLu Xun1881–1936 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers60
  3. 3Liu ShaoqiLiu Shaoqi1898–1969 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians58
  4. 4Zhou EnlaiZhou Enlai1898–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians55
  5. 5Lin BiaoLin Biao1907–1971 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians40
  6. 6Deng XiaopingDeng Xiaoping1909–1997 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians34
  7. 7Sun Yat-senSun Yat-sen1866–1925 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians31
  8. 8Jiang ZeminJiang Zemin1926–2022 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians13
  9. 9ConfuciusConfucius551 BC–479 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Academics12
  10. 10Jiang QingJiang Qing1914–1991 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Actors10
  11. 11Zhu DeZhu De1886–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians9.6
  12. 12Cao XueqinCao Xueqin1724–1760 · 18th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers5.9
  13. 13Li PengLi Peng1928–2019 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians5.4
  14. 14Lee Teng-huiLee Teng-hui1923–2020 · 20th century · Politicians5.2
  15. 15Yuan ShikaiYuan Shikai1859–1916 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians5.0
  16. 16LaoziLaozi579 BC–500 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics4.7
  17. 17Lin YutangLin Yutang1895–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers4.6
  18. 18Soong Ching-lingSoong Ching-ling1893–1981 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians4.4
  19. 19GMGao Ming1305–1370 · 14th century · Writers3.4
  20. 20Zhuang ZhouZhuang Zhou369 BC–288 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Academics2.8
  21. 21Li BaiLi Bai701–762 · 8th century · Writers2.3
  22. 22Kang YouweiKang Youwei1858–1927 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians2.3
  23. 23Li HongzhangLi Hongzhang1823–1901 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians2.0
  24. 24WCWang Chong27–97 · 1st century · Scientists1.9
  25. 25Wang AnshiWang Anshi1021–1086 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.7
  26. 26Yan FuYan Fu1854–1921 · 19th century · Writers1.6
  27. 27Zhu XiZhu Xi1130–1200 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.4
  28. 28Hong XiuquanHong Xiuquan1814–1864 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.4
  29. 29Zhuge LiangZhuge Liang181–234 · 3rd century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.3
  30. 30Park Chung-heePark Chung-hee1917–1979 · 20th century · 🇰🇷 South Korea · Politicians1.3
  31. 31Zhao ZiyangZhao Ziyang1919–2005 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.2
  32. 32Dong ZhongshuDong Zhongshu179 BC–104 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians1.2
  33. 33Qu YuanQu Yuan343 BC–278 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.2
  34. 34Hsu Shih-changHsu Shih-chang1855–1939 · 19th century · Politicians1.2
  35. 35Du FuDu Fu712–770 · 8th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  36. 36Wang FuzhiWang Fuzhi1619–1692 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  37. 37Sima QianSima Qian145 BC–86 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Writers1.1
  38. 38Wu QiWu Qi440 BC–381 BC · 1st millennium BC · Politicians1.0
  39. 39Liu ZongyuanLiu Zongyuan773–819 · 9th century · Writers1.0
  40. 40Kim Il-sungKim Il-sung1912–1994 · 20th century · Politicians1.0
  41. 41LSLi Si280 BC–208 BC · 1st millennium BC · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians1.0
  42. 42Li ZichengLi Zicheng1606–1645 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.96
  43. 43Hu JintaoHu Jintaoborn 1942 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.93
  44. 44MoziMozi470 BC–391 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.86
  45. 45Cao CaoCao Cao155–220 · 2nd century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.83
  46. 46Xun KuangXun Kuang313 BC–230 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.73
  47. 47Tan SitongTan Sitong1865–1898 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.73
  48. 48Lin Tse-hsuLin Tse-hsu1785–1850 · 19th century · Politicians0.69
  49. 49Wen TianxiangWen Tianxiang1236–1283 · 13th century · Politicians0.66
  50. 50Hua GuofengHua Guofeng1921–2008 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.64
  51. 51Mo YanMo Yanborn 1955 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.59
  52. 52Wu ZetianWu Zetian624–705 · 7th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.58
  53. 53Li QiangLi Qiangborn 1959 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.57
  54. 54Hai RuiHai Rui1514–1587 · 16th century0.56
  55. 55CSChen Shou233–297 · 3rd century · Writers0.52
  56. 56Zhang YimouZhang Yimouborn 1950 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Directors0.50
  57. 57Chiang Ching-kuoChiang Ching-kuo1910–1988 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.49
  58. 58Tao YuanmingTao Yuanming365–427 · 5th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.49
  59. 59Wang YangmingWang Yangming1472–1529 · 16th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.49
  60. 60Bai JuyiBai Juyi772–846 · 9th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.45
  61. 61Jackie ChanJackie Chanborn 1954 · 20th century · 🇺🇸 United States · Actors0.43
  62. 62Shen KuoShen Kuo1031–1095 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Scientists0.42
  63. 63Li YuanhongLi Yuanhong1864–1928 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.41
  64. 64Zheng HeZheng He1371–1433 · 15th century · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures0.41
  65. 65KoxingaKoxinga1624–1662 · 17th century · 🇯🇵 Japan · Politicians0.39
  66. 66Zhu RongjiZhu Rongjiborn 1928 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.39
  67. 67Chen-ning YangChen-ning Yang1922–2025 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Scientists0.38
  68. 68Lee Kuan YewLee Kuan Yew1923–2015 · 20th century · Politicians0.37
  69. 69Ma LongMa Longborn 1988 · 21st century · 🇨🇳 China · Actors0.37
  70. 70Shi KefaShi Kefa1601–1645 · 17th century · Politicians0.37
  71. 71Dai ZhenDai Zhen1724–1777 · 18th century · 🇨🇳 China · Academics0.34
  72. 72DXDeng Xi545 BC–501 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.31
  73. 73Zeng GuofanZeng Guofan1811–1872 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.30
  74. 74Liu BeiLiu Bei161–223 · 2nd century0.28
  75. 75Han YuHan Yu768–824 · 9th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.28
  76. 76ShitaoShitao1642–1707 · 17th century · Artists0.28
  77. 77Liu XiaoboLiu Xiaobo1955–2017 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.27
  78. 78Bada ShanrenBada Shanren1626–1705 · 17th century · Artists0.27
  79. 79Guan HanqingGuan Hanqing1210–1298 · 13th century · Writers0.27
  80. 80Pu SonglingPu Songling1640–1715 · 17th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.25
  81. 81Xu XiakeXu Xiake1587–1641 · 17th century · Historical Figures0.24
  82. 82Hongwu EmperorHongwu Emperor1328–1398 · 14th century · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures0.23
  83. 83Gu KaizhiGu Kaizhi345–406 · 4th century · Artists0.23
  84. 84Su ShiSu Shi1037–1101 · 11th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.22
  85. 85He ZhizhangHe Zhizhang659–744 · 7th century · Writers0.22
  86. 86Gu YanwuGu Yanwu1613–1682 · 17th century · Writers0.21
  87. 87Gao XingjianGao Xingjianborn 1940 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.21
  88. 88Fang LaFang Ladied 1121 · 12th century0.21
  89. 89Hui ShiHui Shi370 BC–310 BC · 1st millennium BC · Academics0.20
  90. 90Zhang ZaiZhang Zai1020–1077 · 11th century · Academics0.19
  91. 91Yu QianYu Qian1398–1457 · 15th century · Writers0.19
  92. 92Wen JiabaoWen Jiabaoborn 1942 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians0.18
  93. 93Ban GuBan Gu32–92 · 1st century · Writers0.18
  94. 94Li ShizhenLi Shizhen1517–1593 · 16th century · Scientists0.18
  95. 95Qi BaishiQi Baishi1864–1957 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Artists0.16
  96. 96Song YingxingSong Yingxing1587–1666 · 17th century · Writers0.16
  97. 97Xu GuangqiXu Guangqi1562–1633 · 16th century · Politicians0.15
  98. 98Lu YouLu You1125–1210 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers0.15
  99. 99Liu YuxiLiu Yuxi772–842 · 9th century · Writers0.14
  100. 100Huang ZongxiHuang Zongxi1610–1695 · 17th century · Academics0.14

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 20th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇮🇹 Italy🇮🇳 India🇯🇵 Japan🇨🇳 China🇨🇦 Canada🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllActorsPoliticiansMusiciansWritersDirectorsHistorical FiguresAcademicsFootballersScientistsArtists
  1. 1Frida KahloFrida Kahlo1907–1954 · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Artists8 decades
  2. 2Pablo PicassoPablo Picasso1881–1973 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Artists10 decades
  3. 3Salvador DalíSalvador Dalí1904–1989 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Artists10 decades
  4. 4Andy WarholAndy Warhol1928–1987 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists6 decades
  5. 5Henri MatisseHenri Matisse1869–1954 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  6. 6Wassily KandinskyWassily Kandinsky1866–1944 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  7. 7Yoko OnoYoko Onoborn 1933 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists5 decades
  8. 8Marc ChagallMarc Chagall1887–1985 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades
  9. 9Eva BraunEva Braun1912–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists8 decades
  10. 10Jackson PollockJackson Pollock1912–1956 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists7 decades
  11. 11René MagritteRené Magritte1898–1967 · Artists8 decades
  12. 12Marina AbramovićMarina Abramovićborn 1946 · Artists1 decades
  13. 13Akira ToriyamaAkira Toriyama1955–2024 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists0 decades
  14. 14Yayoi KusamaYayoi Kusama1929–2026 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists2 decades
  15. 15Stephen HillenburgStephen Hillenburg1961–2018 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists0 decades
  16. 16Georgia O'KeeffeGeorgia O'Keeffe1887–1986 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists9 decades
  17. 17Joan MiróJoan Miró1893–1983 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Artists9 decades
  18. 18Jean-Michel BasquiatJean-Michel Basquiat1960–1988 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists3 decades
  19. 19M. C. EscherM. C. Escher1898–1972 · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Artists2 decades
  20. 20Marcel DuchampMarcel Duchamp1887–1968 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades
  21. 21Amedeo ModiglianiAmedeo Modigliani1884–1920 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists10 decades
  22. 22Mark RothkoMark Rothko1903–1970 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists6 decades
  23. 23Piet MondrianPiet Mondrian1872–1944 · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Artists7 decades
  24. 24Egon SchieleEgon Schiele1890–1918 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists10 decades
  25. 25Keith HaringKeith Haring1958–1990 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists4 decades
  26. 26René GoscinnyRené Goscinny1926–1977 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  27. 27Max ErnstMax Ernst1891–1976 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists12 decades
  28. 28Paul KleePaul Klee1879–1940 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Artists11 decades
  29. 29Man RayMan Ray1890–1976 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists10 decades
  30. 30Pierre BonnardPierre Bonnard1867–1947 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  31. 31Bob RossBob Ross1942–1995 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  32. 32Osamu TezukaOsamu Tezuka1928–1989 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists2 decades
  33. 33John Wayne GacyJohn Wayne Gacy1942–1994 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  34. 34Jack KirbyJack Kirby1917–1994 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists3 decades
  35. 35David HockneyDavid Hockney1937–2026 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists5 decades
  36. 36Lee MillerLee Miller1907–1977 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  37. 37Stuart SutcliffeStuart Sutcliffe1940–1962 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists0 decades
  38. 38Edward HopperEdward Hopper1882–1967 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists10 decades
  39. 39Linda McCartneyLinda McCartney1941–1998 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  40. 40Agnès VardaAgnès Varda1928–2019 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  41. 41Kazimir MalevichKazimir Malevich1879–1935 · Artists4 decades
  42. 42Ai WeiweiAi Weiweiborn 1957 · 🇨🇳 China · Artists2 decades
  43. 43Norman RockwellNorman Rockwell1894–1978 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists10 decades
  44. 44Abdulmejid IIAbdulmejid II1868–1944 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Artistsnot measured—
  45. 45Lucian FreudLucian Freud1922–2011 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists4 decades
  46. 46Ansel AdamsAnsel Adams1902–1984 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists9 decades
  47. 47Alexey LeonovAlexey Leonov1934–2019 · Artists6 decades
  48. 48Lili ElbeLili Elbe1882–1931 · Artistsnot measured—
  49. 49Friedensreich HundertwasserFriedensreich Hundertwasser1928–2000 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists5 decades
  50. 50Amrita Sher-GilAmrita Sher-Gil1913–1941 · Artists0 decades
  51. 51Robert CapaRobert Capa1913–1954 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  52. 52Otto DixOtto Dix1891–1969 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists10 decades
  53. 53Fernando BoteroFernando Botero1932–2023 · Artists8 decades
  54. 54Niki de Saint PhalleNiki de Saint Phalle1930–2002 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  55. 55Charles M. SchulzCharles M. Schulz1922–2000 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  56. 56Gerhard RichterGerhard Richterborn 1932 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists9 decades
  57. 57Cynthia LennonCynthia Lennon1939–2015 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artistsnot measured—
  58. 58Tamara de LempickaTamara de Lempicka1898–1980 · Artistsnot measured—
  59. 59Annie LeibovitzAnnie Leibovitzborn 1949 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists3 decades
  60. 60Laurie AndersonLaurie Andersonborn 1947 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists4 decades
  61. 61Sophie, Duchess of HohenbergSophie, Duchess of Hohenberg1868–1914 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  62. 62Alberto GiacomettiAlberto Giacometti1901–1966 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Artists7 decades
  63. 63Käthe KollwitzKäthe Kollwitz1867–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists12 decades
  64. 64Nicholas RoerichNicholas Roerich1874–1947 · Artists7 decades
  65. 65Henry MooreHenry Moore1898–1986 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  66. 66Roy LichtensteinRoy Lichtenstein1923–1997 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists6 decades
  67. 67Leonora CarringtonLeonora Carrington1917–2011 · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Artistsnot measured—
  68. 68H. R. GigerH. R. Giger1940–2014 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Artistsnot measured—
  69. 69Gary RidgwayGary Ridgwayborn 1949 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  70. 70Constantin BrâncușiConstantin Brâncuși1876–1957 · Artistsnot measured—
  71. 71Zdzisław BeksińskiZdzisław Beksiński1929–2005 · Artistsnot measured—
  72. 72BalthusBalthus1908–2001 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  73. 73Henri Cartier-BressonHenri Cartier-Bresson1908–2004 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  74. 74Jeff KoonsJeff Koonsborn 1955 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  75. 75Marie of RomaniaMarie of Romania1875–1938 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artistsnot measured—
  76. 76Alexander CalderAlexander Calder1898–1976 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists9 decades
  77. 77Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of SnowdonAntony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon1930–2017 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artistsnot measured—
  78. 78Giorgio de ChiricoGiorgio de Chirico1888–1978 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists10 decades
  79. 79Margaret KeaneMargaret Keane1927–2022 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  80. 80Joseph BeuysJoseph Beuys1921–1986 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists6 decades
  81. 81Georges BraqueGeorges Braque1882–1963 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  82. 82Anish KapoorAnish Kapoorborn 1954 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artistsnot measured—
  83. 83Robert MapplethorpeRobert Mapplethorpe1946–1989 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  84. 84Willem de KooningWillem de Kooning1904–1997 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists7 decades
  85. 85Diane ArbusDiane Arbus1923–1971 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  86. 86Louise BourgeoisLouise Bourgeois1911–2010 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  87. 87Takashi MurakamiTakashi Murakamiborn 1962 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artistsnot measured—
  88. 88Evel KnievelEvel Knievel1938–2007 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  89. 89Oskar KokoschkaOskar Kokoschka1886–1980 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists11 decades
  90. 90Yves KleinYves Klein1928–1962 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  91. 91Franz MarcFranz Marc1880–1916 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists11 decades
  92. 92Steve DitkoSteve Ditko1927–2018 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  93. 93Anselm KieferAnselm Kieferborn 1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists4 decades
  94. 94Andrew WyethAndrew Wyeth1917–2009 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  95. 95Julian SchnabelJulian Schnabelborn 1951 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artistsnot measured—
  96. 96Tom of FinlandTom of Finland1920–1991 · Artistsnot measured—
  97. 97Tracey EminTracey Eminborn 1963 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artistsnot measured—
  98. 98Albert UderzoAlbert Uderzo1927–2020 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  99. 99Sebastião SalgadoSebastião Salgado1944–2025 · 🇧🇷 Brazil · Artistsnot measured—
  100. 100Georg BaselitzGeorg Baselitz1938–2026 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists5 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.