Claim profile
1870–1879

The 1870s

Whose names filled the books of the 1870s — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Hebrew books during the 1870s — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish14,075German3,121French2,919Italian1,652Spanish982Russian180Hebrew93Chinese2
  1. 1Rav AshiRav Ashi352–427 · 4th century13
  2. 2HaggaiHaggaiborn 550 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures13
  3. 3NTNathan the Babylonianborn 101 · 2nd century8.1
  4. 4SBSimeon ben Gamliel IIborn 100 · 2nd century6.6
  5. 5HabakkukHabakkuk626 BC–600 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures5.4
  6. 6Saadia GaonSaadia Gaon882–942 · 10th century · Academics5.3
  7. 7SISamuel ibn Naghrillah993–1055 · 11th century · Writers4.5
  8. 8Hai GaonHai Gaon939–1038 · 10th century · Writers4.1
  9. 9SBSimeon ben Zomadied 200 · 2nd century4.0
  10. 10Johanan ben ZakaiJohanan ben Zakai50 BC–70 · 1st millennium BC4.0
  11. 11Hillel the ElderHillel the Elder50 BC–100 · 1st millennium BC4.0
  12. 12Isaac AbrabanelIsaac Abrabanel1437–1508 · 15th century · Academics3.2
  13. 13JKJoseph Kimhi1105–1170 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers2.7
  14. 14Sabbatai ZeviSabbatai Zevi1626–1676 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Religious Figures2.3
  15. 15JBJudah ben Samuel of Regensburg1150–1217 · 12th century · Academics2.1
  16. 16MKMoses Kimhi1127–1190 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France1.5
  17. 17Ahad Ha'amAhad Ha'am1856–1927 · 19th century · Writers1.5
  18. 18YYanaiborn 600 · 7th century · Writers1.2
  19. 19ZHZerachiah haLevi of Girona1130–1186 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers1.2
  20. 20JosephusJosephus37–100 · 1st century · Writers1.2
  21. 21Rabbeinu TamRabbeinu Tam1100–1171 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers1.1
  22. 22Menasseh Ben IsraelMenasseh Ben Israel1604–1657 · 17th century · Academics1.1
  23. 23Joseph AlboJoseph Albo1380–1444 · 15th century · Academics1.0
  24. 24Judas MaccabeusJudas Maccabeus500 BC–160 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures0.96
  25. 25Jonathan EybeschutzJonathan Eybeschutz1690–1764 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.92
  26. 26Chaim Joseph David AzulaiChaim Joseph David Azulai1724–1806 · 18th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Historical Figures0.87
  27. 27Amram GaonAmram Gaon810–875 · 9th century0.87
  28. 28Yehuda AlhariziYehuda Alharizi1165–1225 · 13th century · Writers0.81
  29. 29Hasdai CrescasHasdai Crescas1340–1410 · 14th century · Academics0.79
  30. 30HBHanina ben Dosa40–75 · 1st century0.78
  31. 31MYMordecai Yoffe1530–1612 · 16th century0.71
  32. 32Azariah dei RossiAzariah dei Rossi1513–1578 · 16th century · Writers0.60
  33. 33Hayyim ben Joseph VitalHayyim ben Joseph Vital1542–1620 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musicians0.60
  34. 34Dunash ben LabratDunash ben Labrat920–990 · 10th century · Writers0.59
  35. 35Nathan of GazaNathan of Gaza1644–1680 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.59
  36. 36Yonah GerondiYonah Gerondi1210–1263 · 13th century · Academics0.44
  37. 37Jacob EmdenJacob Emden1697–1776 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.42
  38. 38Moshe AlshichMoshe Alshich1508–1593 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey0.39
  39. 39Isaac the BlindIsaac the Blind1160–1235 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.38
  40. 40OBObadiah ben Jacob Sforno1470–1549 · 16th century · Doctors0.36
  41. 41Eleazar ben KillirEleazar ben Killir600–700 · 7th century · Writers0.35
  42. 42EBEliezer ben Hurcanus100–200 · 2nd century0.34
  43. 43JIJacob ibn Habib1450–1516 · 15th century0.30
  44. 44MBMenahem ben Aaron ibn Zerah1310–1385 · 14th century · Writers0.30
  45. 45EBEleazar ben Arach100–200 · 2nd century0.29
  46. 46PDProfiat Duran1350–1415 · 14th century · Musicians0.28
  47. 47Abraham bar HiyyaAbraham bar Hiyya1070–1136 · 12th century · Academics0.24
  48. 48Abraham ben Mordecai FarissolAbraham ben Mordecai Farissol1451–1525 · 15th century · Musicians0.22
  49. 49Immanuel the RomanImmanuel the Roman1260–1328 · 13th century · Writers0.21
  50. 50Moses SoferMoses Sofer1762–1839 · 18th century0.20
  51. 51RRashbam1080–1158 · 12th century0.20
  52. 52IBIsaac ben Moses Arama1420–1494 · 15th century0.15
  53. 53Shabbethai DonnoloShabbethai Donnoloborn 913 · 10th century · Scientists0.15
  54. 54ADAbraham de Balmes1440–1523 · 15th century · Doctors0.14
  55. 55JCJoseph Caspi1280–1345 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.14
  56. 56Solomon MolchoSolomon Molcho1500–1532 · 16th century · Academics0.13
  57. 57TBTobiah ben Eliezer1080–1150 · 12th century · Actors0.12
  58. 58BBBahya ben Asher1255–1340 · 13th century · Writers0.12
  59. 59JNJoseph Nasi1524–1579 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.11
  60. 60Onias IIIOnias III300 BC–170 BC · 1st millennium BC0.11
  61. 61Shlomo Halevi AlkabetzShlomo Halevi Alkabetz1505–1576 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.11
  62. 62SOShemariah of Negropont1275–1352 · 14th century · Academics0.10
  63. 63Paul the ApostlePaul the Apostle5–66 · 1st century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.10
  64. 64Baal Shem TovBaal Shem Tov1698–1760 · 18th century0.10
  65. 65Chaim ibn AttarChaim ibn Attar1696–1743 · 18th century0.09
  66. 66IAIsaac Albalag1300–1300 · 14th century · Academics0.09
  67. 67Moses ben JoshuaMoses ben Joshua1300–1362 · 14th century · Academics0.08
  68. 68ABAbraham ben Samuel ibn Hasdai ha-Levi1180–1240 · 13th century · Writers0.08
  69. 69Moses ben Jacob CordoveroMoses ben Jacob Cordovero1522–1570 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Actors0.08
  70. 70LBLevi ben Abraham ben Hayyimborn 1245 · 13th century · Writers0.08
  71. 71Menaḥem ben Shelomoh MeʾiriMenaḥem ben Shelomoh Meʾiri1249–1306 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0.07
  72. 72Eliezer ben NathanEliezer ben Nathan1090–1170 · 12th century · Writers0.07
  73. 73Shimon bar YochaiShimon bar Yochai100–160 · 2nd century0.06
  74. 74Joel SirkisJoel Sirkis1561–1640 · 16th century0.06
  75. 75IIIsaac ibn Ezra1114–1158 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.05
  76. 76Joseph ben Judah ibn AkninJoseph ben Judah ibn Aknin1150–1266 · 12th century · Academics0.05
  77. 77BHBerechiah ha-Nakdan1200–1300 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.05
  78. 78Benjamin of TudelaBenjamin of Tudela1130–1174 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.05
  79. 79Joseph ibn TzaddikJoseph ibn Tzaddik1075–1149 · 12th century · Academics0.05
  80. 80CBChananel ben Chushiel990–1053 · 11th century · Actors0.05
  81. 81Shneur Zalman of LiadiShneur Zalman of Liadi1745–1812 · 18th century · Academics0.04
  82. 82YBYefet ben Ali950–1010 · 10th century · Actors0.04
  83. 83Herod ArchelausHerod Archelaus23 BC–18 · 1st century · Models0.04
  84. 84Baruch SpinozaBaruch Spinoza1632–1677 · 17th century · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Academics0.03
  85. 85Elia del MedigoElia del Medigo1458–1497 · 15th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Academics0.03
  86. 86Ben SiraBen Sira300 BC–150 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers0.03
  87. 87NBNissim ben Jacob990–1062 · 11th century · Writers0.02
  88. 88Tzvi AshkenaziTzvi Ashkenazi1660–1718 · 17th century0.02
  89. 89Nachman of BreslovNachman of Breslov1772–1810 · 19th century0.02
  90. 90JBJedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi1270–1340 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.02
  91. 91IBIsaac ben Moses of Vienna1180–1250 · 13th century · Writers0.02
  92. 92Gaon of VilniusGaon of Vilnius1720–1797 · 18th century0.01
  93. 93Ishtori HaparchiIshtori Haparchi1280–1337 · 14th century · Scientists<0.01

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 1870s, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

  1. 1Friedrich NietzscheFriedrich Nietzsche1844–1900 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Academics15 decades
  2. 2Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyPyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky1840–1893 · Musicians10 decades
  3. 3Émile ZolaÉmile Zola1840–1902 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers16 decades
  4. 4Sarah BernhardtSarah Bernhardt1844–1923 · 🇫🇷 France · Actors15 decades
  5. 5Claude MonetClaude Monet1840–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  6. 6Mark TwainMark Twain1835–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers16 decades
  7. 7Paul CézannePaul Cézanne1839–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  8. 8Edward VIIEdward VII1841–1910 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Historical Figures13 decades
  9. 9Pope Pius XPope Pius X1835–1914 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures12 decades
  10. 10William McKinleyWilliam McKinley1843–1901 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades
  11. 11Empress Dowager CixiEmpress Dowager Cixi1835–1908 · 🇨🇳 China · Historical Figures5 decades
  12. 12Antonín DvořákAntonín Dvořák1841–1904 · Musicians0 decades
  13. 13Bertha von SuttnerBertha von Suttner1843–1914 · Writers13 decades
  14. 14John D. RockefellerJohn D. Rockefeller1839–1937 · 🇺🇸 United States · Founders14 decades
  15. 15Pierre-Auguste RenoirPierre-Auguste Renoir1841–1919 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  16. 16Georges ClemenceauGeorges Clemenceau1841–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians13 decades
  17. 17Paul VerlainePaul Verlaine1844–1896 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers14 decades
  18. 18Leopold II of BelgiumLeopold II of Belgium1835–1909 · Historical Figures9 decades
  19. 19Empress Elisabeth of AustriaEmpress Elisabeth of Austria1837–1898 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0 decades
  20. 20Giosuè CarducciGiosuè Carducci1835–1907 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers17 decades
  21. 21Grover ClevelandGrover Cleveland1837–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians14 decades
  22. 22Robert KochRobert Koch1843–1910 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Doctors14 decades
  23. 23Auguste RodinAuguste Rodin1840–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  24. 24Peter KropotkinPeter Kropotkin1842–1921 · Activists11 decades
  25. 25Ilya RepinIlya Repin1844–1930 · Artists10 decades
  26. 26Anatole FranceAnatole France1844–1924 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers15 decades
  27. 27Nikolai Rimsky-KorsakovNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov1844–1908 · Musicians9 decades
  28. 28Karl BenzKarl Benz1844–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists11 decades
  29. 29Edvard GriegEdvard Grieg1843–1907 · 🇳🇴 Norway · Musicians12 decades
  30. 30Modest MussorgskyModest Mussorgsky1839–1881 · Musicians11 decades
  31. 31Georges BizetGeorges Bizet1838–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians15 decades
  32. 32Umberto I of ItalyUmberto I of Italy1844–1900 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures14 decades
  33. 33Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie1835–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  34. 34Gustavo Adolfo BécquerGustavo Adolfo Bécquer1836–1870 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers13 decades
  35. 35Alphonse DaudetAlphonse Daudet1840–1897 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers16 decades
  36. 36Camille Saint-SaënsCamille Saint-Saëns1835–1921 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians15 decades
  37. 37J. P. MorganJ. P. Morgan1837–1913 · 🇺🇸 United States · Founders16 decades
  38. 38Abdul Hamid IIAbdul Hamid II1842–1918 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Historical Figures13 decades
  39. 39Benito Pérez GaldósBenito Pérez Galdós1843–1920 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers14 decades
  40. 40Karl MayKarl May1842–1912 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers14 decades
  41. 41Bernadette SoubirousBernadette Soubirous1844–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Religious Figures15 decades
  42. 42Henry JamesHenry James1843–1916 · 🇺🇸 United States · Writers18 decades
  43. 43William JamesWilliam James1842–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  44. 44Stéphane MallarméStéphane Mallarmé1842–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers14 decades
  45. 45Berthe MorisotBerthe Morisot1841–1895 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  46. 46Henri RousseauHenri Rousseau1844–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  47. 47Thomas HardyThomas Hardy1840–1928 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Writers18 decades
  48. 48Ludwig BoltzmannLudwig Boltzmann1844–1906 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists15 decades
  49. 49Gustave Le BonGustave Le Bon1841–1931 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics15 decades
  50. 50August BebelAugust Bebel1840–1913 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians14 decades
  51. 51Ernst MachErnst Mach1838–1916 · Scientists16 decades
  52. 52Sadi CarnotSadi Carnot1837–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians16 decades
  53. 53George Armstrong CusterGeorge Armstrong Custer1839–1876 · 🇺🇸 United States · Historical Figures7 decades
  54. 54Félix FaureFélix Faure1841–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians18 decades
  55. 55Mary CassattMary Cassatt1844–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists12 decades
  56. 56Henry Morton StanleyHenry Morton Stanley1841–1904 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Journalists7 decades
  57. 57Alois HitlerAlois Hitler1837–1903 · 🇦🇹 Austria8 decades
  58. 58Alexandra of DenmarkAlexandra of Denmark1844–1925 · Historical Figures2 decades
  59. 59RamakrishnaRamakrishna1836–1886 · 🇮🇳 India · Academics14 decades
  60. 60Rosalía de CastroRosalía de Castro1837–1885 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers13 decades
  61. 61Giovanni VergaGiovanni Verga1840–1922 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers15 decades
  62. 62Alfred SisleyAlfred Sisley1839–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  63. 63Victoria, Princess RoyalVictoria, Princess Royal1840–1901 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists0 decades
  64. 64Cesare LombrosoCesare Lombroso1835–1909 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Doctors16 decades
  65. 65Ambrose BierceAmbrose Bierce1842–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Journalists13 decades
  66. 66Nikolay PrzhevalskyNikolay Przhevalsky1839–1888 · Historical Figures9 decades
  67. 67Leopold von Sacher-MasochLeopold von Sacher-Masoch1836–1895 · Writers5 decades
  68. 68Charles Sanders PeirceCharles Sanders Peirce1839–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics9 decades
  69. 69Léon GambettaLéon Gambetta1838–1882 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians15 decades
  70. 70Crazy HorseCrazy Horse1849–1877 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades
  71. 71Mehmed VMehmed V1844–1918 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0 decades
  72. 72Arkhip KuindzhiArkhip Kuindzhi1841–1910 · Artists2 decades
  73. 73Giovanni GiolittiGiovanni Giolitti1842–1928 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians14 decades
  74. 74Vasily VereshchaginVasily Vereshchagin1842–1904 · Artists8 decades
  75. 75Mily BalakirevMily Balakirev1836–1910 · Musicians9 decades
  76. 76Armand FallièresArmand Fallières1841–1931 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians12 decades
  77. 77John MuirJohn Muir1838–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Scientists19 decades
  78. 78Jules MassenetJules Massenet1842–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians14 decades
  79. 79Ivan KramskoiIvan Kramskoi1837–1887 · Artists11 decades
  80. 80Wilhelm SteinitzWilhelm Steinitz1836–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Athletes0 decades
  81. 81Odilon RedonOdilon Redon1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  82. 82LiliʻuokalaniLiliʻuokalani1838–1917 · 🇺🇸 United States · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  83. 83Émile LoubetÉmile Loubet1838–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Politicians11 decades
  84. 84Ferdinand von ZeppelinFerdinand von Zeppelin1838–1917 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Scientists5 decades
  85. 85Murad VMurad V1840–1904 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Models0 decades
  86. 86Tongzhi EmperorTongzhi Emperor1856–1875 · 🇨🇳 Chinanot measured—
  87. 87Carol I of RomaniaCarol I of Romania1839–1914 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures19 decades
  88. 88Frederick VIII of DenmarkFrederick VIII of Denmark1843–1912 · Historical Figures0 decades
  89. 89Carlota of MexicoCarlota of Mexico1840–1927 · Historical Figures0 decades
  90. 90Princess Alice of the United KingdomPrincess Alice of the United Kingdom1843–1878 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  91. 91Menelik IIMenelik II1844–1913 · Politicians14 decades
  92. 92Léo DelibesLéo Delibes1836–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians16 decades
  93. 93Paul MorphyPaul Morphy1837–1884 · 🇺🇸 United States7 decades
  94. 94Itō HirobumiItō Hirobumi1841–1909 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Politicians0 decades
  95. 95Comte de LautréamontComte de Lautréamont1846–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers8 decades
  96. 96Paul LafarguePaul Lafargue1842–1911 · 🇫🇷 France · Writers15 decades
  97. 97Louis RielLouis Riel1844–1885 · 🇨🇦 Canada · Politicians15 decades
  98. 98Machado de AssisMachado de Assis1839–1908 · 🇧🇷 Brazil · Writers0 decades
  99. 99Max BruchMax Bruch1838–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians17 decades
  100. 100Mirza Ghulam AhmadMirza Ghulam Ahmad1835–1908 · 🇮🇳 India · Academics4 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.