Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Hebrew books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Rav AshiRav Ashi352–427 · 4th century13
  2. 2HaggaiHaggaiborn 550 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures12
  3. 3SBSimeon ben Gamliel IIborn 100 · 2nd century12
  4. 4NTNathan the Babylonianborn 101 · 2nd century11
  5. 5HabakkukHabakkuk626 BC–600 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures7.3
  6. 6Johanan ben ZakaiJohanan ben Zakai50 BC–70 · 1st millennium BC4.8
  7. 7Saadia GaonSaadia Gaon882–942 · 10th century · Academics3.7
  8. 8SBSimeon ben Zomadied 200 · 2nd century3.4
  9. 9Hai GaonHai Gaon939–1038 · 10th century · Writers2.9
  10. 10Hillel the ElderHillel the Elder50 BC–100 · 1st millennium BC2.9
  11. 11Sabbatai ZeviSabbatai Zevi1626–1676 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Religious Figures2.3
  12. 12Ahad Ha'amAhad Ha'am1856–1927 · 19th century · Writers2.2
  13. 13SISamuel ibn Naghrillah993–1055 · 11th century · Writers2.1
  14. 14Isaac AbrabanelIsaac Abrabanel1437–1508 · 15th century · Academics1.6
  15. 15JBJudah ben Samuel of Regensburg1150–1217 · 12th century · Academics1.5
  16. 16Judas MaccabeusJudas Maccabeus500 BC–160 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures1.3
  17. 17HBHanina ben Dosa40–75 · 1st century1.3
  18. 18Menasseh Ben IsraelMenasseh Ben Israel1604–1657 · 17th century · Academics1.2
  19. 19JKJoseph Kimhi1105–1170 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers1.0
  20. 20YYanaiborn 600 · 7th century · Writers0.99
  21. 21EBEliezer ben Hurcanus100–200 · 2nd century0.89
  22. 22Rabbeinu TamRabbeinu Tam1100–1171 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.83
  23. 23JosephusJosephus37–100 · 1st century · Writers0.74
  24. 24Amram GaonAmram Gaon810–875 · 9th century0.67
  25. 25Chaim Joseph David AzulaiChaim Joseph David Azulai1724–1806 · 18th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Historical Figures0.66
  26. 26EBEleazar ben Arach100–200 · 2nd century0.65
  27. 27Azariah dei RossiAzariah dei Rossi1513–1578 · 16th century · Writers0.64
  28. 28ZHZerachiah haLevi of Girona1130–1186 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.63
  29. 29Abraham bar HiyyaAbraham bar Hiyya1070–1136 · 12th century · Academics0.61
  30. 30Hasdai CrescasHasdai Crescas1340–1410 · 14th century · Academics0.59
  31. 31Joseph AlboJoseph Albo1380–1444 · 15th century · Academics0.58
  32. 32MKMoses Kimhi1127–1190 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France0.56
  33. 33Dunash ben LabratDunash ben Labrat920–990 · 10th century · Writers0.53
  34. 34JCJoseph Caspi1280–1345 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.50
  35. 35Hayyim ben Joseph VitalHayyim ben Joseph Vital1542–1620 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musicians0.50
  36. 36MYMordecai Yoffe1530–1612 · 16th century0.49
  37. 37Yehuda AlhariziYehuda Alharizi1165–1225 · 13th century · Writers0.47
  38. 38Shabbethai DonnoloShabbethai Donnoloborn 913 · 10th century · Scientists0.47
  39. 39Jacob EmdenJacob Emden1697–1776 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.37
  40. 40Eleazar ben KillirEleazar ben Killir600–700 · 7th century · Writers0.36
  41. 41Jonathan EybeschutzJonathan Eybeschutz1690–1764 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.35
  42. 42JBJedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi1270–1340 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.30
  43. 43Nathan of GazaNathan of Gaza1644–1680 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.29
  44. 44Isaac the BlindIsaac the Blind1160–1235 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.26
  45. 45Moshe AlshichMoshe Alshich1508–1593 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey0.26
  46. 46Yonah GerondiYonah Gerondi1210–1263 · 13th century · Academics0.26
  47. 47Solomon MolchoSolomon Molcho1500–1532 · 16th century · Academics0.25
  48. 48Immanuel the RomanImmanuel the Roman1260–1328 · 13th century · Writers0.25
  49. 49PDProfiat Duran1350–1415 · 14th century · Musicians0.23
  50. 50IBIsaac ben Moses Arama1420–1494 · 15th century0.22
  51. 51MBMenahem ben Aaron ibn Zerah1310–1385 · 14th century · Writers0.22
  52. 52OBObadiah ben Jacob Sforno1470–1549 · 16th century · Doctors0.22
  53. 53Joel SirkisJoel Sirkis1561–1640 · 16th century0.21
  54. 54Abraham ben Mordecai FarissolAbraham ben Mordecai Farissol1451–1525 · 15th century · Musicians0.20
  55. 55Paul the ApostlePaul the Apostle5–66 · 1st century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.19
  56. 56RRashbam1080–1158 · 12th century0.18
  57. 57Moses SoferMoses Sofer1762–1839 · 18th century0.17
  58. 58Shlomo Halevi AlkabetzShlomo Halevi Alkabetz1505–1576 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.17
  59. 59Shimon bar YochaiShimon bar Yochai100–160 · 2nd century0.16
  60. 60Baruch SpinozaBaruch Spinoza1632–1677 · 17th century · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Academics0.15
  61. 61Onias IIIOnias III300 BC–170 BC · 1st millennium BC0.14
  62. 62JIJacob ibn Habib1450–1516 · 15th century0.14
  63. 63Menaḥem ben Shelomoh MeʾiriMenaḥem ben Shelomoh Meʾiri1249–1306 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0.14
  64. 64Moses ben JoshuaMoses ben Joshua1300–1362 · 14th century · Academics0.13
  65. 65Chaim ibn AttarChaim ibn Attar1696–1743 · 18th century0.12
  66. 66JNJoseph Nasi1524–1579 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.11
  67. 67Baal Shem TovBaal Shem Tov1698–1760 · 18th century0.11
  68. 68SOShemariah of Negropont1275–1352 · 14th century · Academics0.11
  69. 69BBBahya ben Asher1255–1340 · 13th century · Writers0.11
  70. 70ABAbraham ben Samuel ibn Hasdai ha-Levi1180–1240 · 13th century · Writers0.10
  71. 71TBTobiah ben Eliezer1080–1150 · 12th century · Actors0.10
  72. 72IAIsaac Albalag1300–1300 · 14th century · Academics0.09
  73. 73Joseph ibn TzaddikJoseph ibn Tzaddik1075–1149 · 12th century · Academics0.09
  74. 74Moses ben Jacob CordoveroMoses ben Jacob Cordovero1522–1570 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Actors0.08
  75. 75Eliezer ben NathanEliezer ben Nathan1090–1170 · 12th century · Writers0.08
  76. 76Herod ArchelausHerod Archelaus23 BC–18 · 1st century · Models0.07
  77. 77ADAbraham de Balmes1440–1523 · 15th century · Doctors0.07
  78. 78Mendele Mocher SforimMendele Mocher Sforim1835–1917 · 19th century · Writers0.07
  79. 79IIIsaac ibn Ezra1114–1158 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.06
  80. 80Jacob ben AsherJacob ben Asher1269–1343 · 14th century · Writers0.05
  81. 81Tzvi AshkenaziTzvi Ashkenazi1660–1718 · 17th century0.05
  82. 82Ben SiraBen Sira300 BC–150 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers0.05
  83. 83CBChananel ben Chushiel990–1053 · 11th century · Actors0.05
  84. 84Shneur Zalman of LiadiShneur Zalman of Liadi1745–1812 · 18th century · Academics0.05
  85. 85Benjamin of TudelaBenjamin of Tudela1130–1174 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.04
  86. 86LBLevi ben Abraham ben Hayyimborn 1245 · 13th century · Writers0.04
  87. 87Joseph ben Judah ibn AkninJoseph ben Judah ibn Aknin1150–1266 · 12th century · Academics0.03
  88. 88Daniel BombergDaniel Bomberg1483–1549 · 16th century0.03
  89. 89BHBerechiah ha-Nakdan1200–1300 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.03
  90. 90Shalom ShabaziShalom Shabazi1619–1719 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  91. 91NBNissim ben Jacob990–1062 · 11th century · Writers0.03
  92. 92YBYefet ben Ali950–1010 · 10th century · Actors0.03
  93. 93IBIsrael ben Moses Najara1555–1628 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  94. 94Menahem RecanatiMenahem Recanati1250–1310 · 13th century · Musicians0.03
  95. 95Elia del MedigoElia del Medigo1458–1497 · 15th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Academics0.03
  96. 96ISIbn Shaprutborn 1400 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Actors0.03
  97. 97Judah ben David HayyujJudah ben David Hayyuj945–1000 · 10th century · Writers0.02
  98. 98IBIsaac ben Moses of Vienna1180–1250 · 13th century · Writers0.02
  99. 99Ishtori HaparchiIshtori Haparchi1280–1337 · 14th century · Scientists0.02
  100. 100Nachman of BreslovNachman of Breslov1772–1810 · 19th century0.02

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Ludwig van BeethovenLudwig van Beethoven1770–1827 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians21 decades
  2. 2Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyPyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky1840–1893 · Musicians10 decades
  3. 3Richard WagnerRichard Wagner1813–1883 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians19 decades
  4. 4Frédéric ChopinFrédéric Chopin1810–1849 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians16 decades
  5. 5Giuseppe VerdiGiuseppe Verdi1813–1901 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians18 decades
  6. 6Franz SchubertFranz Schubert1797–1828 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians22 decades
  7. 7Gustav MahlerGustav Mahler1860–1911 · Musicians13 decades
  8. 8Giacomo PucciniGiacomo Puccini1858–1924 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians15 decades
  9. 9Johannes BrahmsJohannes Brahms1833–1897 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians17 decades
  10. 10Franz LisztFranz Liszt1811–1886 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians19 decades
  11. 11Felix MendelssohnFelix Mendelssohn1809–1847 · Musicians18 decades
  12. 12Robert SchumannRobert Schumann1810–1856 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians19 decades
  13. 13Antonín DvořákAntonín Dvořák1841–1904 · Musicians0 decades
  14. 14Claude DebussyClaude Debussy1862–1918 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians12 decades
  15. 15Gioachino RossiniGioachino Rossini1792–1868 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians20 decades
  16. 16Richard StraussRichard Strauss1864–1949 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians13 decades
  17. 17Nikolai Rimsky-KorsakovNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov1844–1908 · Musicians9 decades
  18. 18Johann Strauss IIJohann Strauss II1825–1899 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians16 decades
  19. 19Hector BerliozHector Berlioz1803–1869 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians19 decades
  20. 20Niccolò PaganiniNiccolò Paganini1782–1840 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians18 decades
  21. 21Edvard GriegEdvard Grieg1843–1907 · 🇳🇴 Norway · Musicians12 decades
  22. 22Modest MussorgskyModest Mussorgsky1839–1881 · Musicians11 decades
  23. 23Georges BizetGeorges Bizet1838–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians15 decades
  24. 24Jacques OffenbachJacques Offenbach1819–1880 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians16 decades
  25. 25Camille Saint-SaënsCamille Saint-Saëns1835–1921 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians15 decades
  26. 26Mikhail GlinkaMikhail Glinka1804–1857 · Musicians12 decades
  27. 27Alexander BorodinAlexander Borodin1833–1887 · Musicians8 decades
  28. 28Clara SchumannClara Schumann1819–1896 · Musicians18 decades
  29. 29Bedřich SmetanaBedřich Smetana1824–1884 · Musicians0 decades
  30. 30Anton BrucknerAnton Bruckner1824–1896 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians14 decades
  31. 31Carl Maria von WeberCarl Maria von Weber1786–1826 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians21 decades
  32. 32Gaetano DonizettiGaetano Donizetti1797–1848 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians19 decades
  33. 33Vincenzo BelliniVincenzo Bellini1801–1835 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians22 decades
  34. 34Edward ElgarEdward Elgar1857–1934 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Musicians13 decades
  35. 35Charles GounodCharles Gounod1818–1893 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians17 decades
  36. 36Gabriel FauréGabriel Fauré1845–1924 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians14 decades
  37. 37Pietro MascagniPietro Mascagni1863–1945 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians13 decades
  38. 38Adolphe SaxAdolphe Sax1814–1894 · Musicians13 decades
  39. 39Johann Strauss IJohann Strauss I1804–1849 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musiciansnot measured—
  40. 40AbdülazizAbdülaziz1830–1876 · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musiciansnot measured—
  41. 41Mily BalakirevMily Balakirev1836–1910 · Musicians9 decades
  42. 42Anton RubinsteinAnton Rubinstein1829–1894 · Musicians15 decades
  43. 43Isaac AlbénizIsaac Albéniz1860–1909 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Musicians12 decades
  44. 44Jules MassenetJules Massenet1842–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians14 decades
  45. 45Leoš JanáčekLeoš Janáček1854–1928 · Musicians0 decades
  46. 46César FranckCésar Franck1822–1890 · Musicians15 decades
  47. 47Jenny LindJenny Lind1820–1887 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Musicians18 decades
  48. 48Annette von Droste-HülshoffAnnette von Droste-Hülshoff1797–1848 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians14 decades
  49. 49Léo DelibesLéo Delibes1836–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians16 decades
  50. 50Hortense de BeauharnaisHortense de Beauharnais1783–1837 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians20 decades
  51. 51Fanny MendelssohnFanny Mendelssohn1805–1847 · Musicians10 decades
  52. 52Ignacy Jan PaderewskiIgnacy Jan Paderewski1860–1941 · Musicians0 decades
  53. 53Max BruchMax Bruch1838–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians17 decades
  54. 54Carl CzernyCarl Czerny1791–1857 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians15 decades
  55. 55Cosima WagnerCosima Wagner1837–1930 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians13 decades
  56. 56Giacomo MeyerbeerGiacomo Meyerbeer1791–1864 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians15 decades
  57. 57John Philip SousaJohn Philip Sousa1854–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Musicians13 decades
  58. 58Francisco TárregaFrancisco Tárrega1852–1909 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Musicians16 decades
  59. 59Ruggero LeoncavalloRuggero Leoncavallo1857–1919 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians13 decades
  60. 60Johann Nepomuk HummelJohann Nepomuk Hummel1778–1837 · Musicians8 decades
  61. 61Pablo de SarasatePablo de Sarasate1844–1908 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Musicians11 decades
  62. 62Maria Theresa of Naples and SicilyMaria Theresa of Naples and Sicily1772–1807 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musiciansnot measured—
  63. 63Stephen FosterStephen Foster1826–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Musicians18 decades
  64. 64Nellie MelbaNellie Melba1861–1931 · 🇦🇺 Australia · Musicians10 decades
  65. 65Emma, Lady HamiltonEmma, Lady Hamilton1765–1815 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Musicians1 decades
  66. 66Stanisław MoniuszkoStanisław Moniuszko1819–1872 · Musicians0 decades
  67. 67César CuiCésar Cui1835–1918 · Musicians9 decades
  68. 68Henryk WieniawskiHenryk Wieniawski1835–1880 · Musicians0 decades
  69. 69Franz Xaver Wolfgang MozartFranz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart1791–1844 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians2 decades
  70. 70Solomon NorthupSolomon Northup1808–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Musicians3 decades
  71. 71Arthur SullivanArthur Sullivan1842–1900 · Musicians16 decades
  72. 72Hans von BülowHans von Bülow1830–1894 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Musicians17 decades
  73. 73Charles-Valentin AlkanCharles-Valentin Alkan1813–1888 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0 decades
  74. 74John FieldJohn Field1782–1837 · Musicians22 decades
  75. 75Adolphe AdamAdolphe Adam1803–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians19 decades
  76. 76Eugène YsaÿeEugène Ysaÿe1858–1931 · Musicians0 decades
  77. 77Pauline ViardotPauline Viardot1821–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians18 decades
  78. 78Fanny CrosbyFanny Crosby1820–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Musicians4 decades
  79. 79Hugo WolfHugo Wolf1860–1903 · Musicians13 decades
  80. 80Frederick DeliusFrederick Delius1862–1934 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Musicians8 decades
  81. 81Franz von SuppéFranz von Suppé1819–1895 · Musicians0 decades
  82. 82Nikolai RubinsteinNikolai Rubinstein1835–1881 · Musicians10 decades
  83. 83Joseph JoachimJoseph Joachim1831–1907 · Musicians19 decades
  84. 84Ethel SmythEthel Smyth1858–1944 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Musicians11 decades
  85. 85Charles-Marie WidorCharles-Marie Widor1844–1937 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians8 decades
  86. 86Sergei Ivanovich TaneyevSergei Ivanovich Taneyev1856–1915 · Musicians9 decades
  87. 87Ernest ChaussonErnest Chausson1855–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians13 decades
  88. 88Louis SpohrLouis Spohr1784–1859 · Musicians21 decades
  89. 89FXFranz Xaver Süssmayr1766–1803 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians3 decades
  90. 90Amilcare PonchielliAmilcare Ponchielli1834–1886 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians15 decades
  91. 91Édouard LaloÉdouard Lalo1823–1892 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians1 decades
  92. 92Karl MozartKarl Mozart1784–1858 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Musicians0 decades
  93. 93Cécile ChaminadeCécile Chaminade1857–1944 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians1 decades
  94. 94Adelina PattiAdelina Patti1843–1919 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Musicians16 decades
  95. 95Fernando SorFernando Sor1778–1839 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Musicians11 decades
  96. 96Emmanuel ChabrierEmmanuel Chabrier1841–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians14 decades
  97. 97Vincent d'IndyVincent d'Indy1851–1931 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians14 decades
  98. 98Daniel AuberDaniel Auber1782–1871 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0 decades
  99. 99Maria MalibranMaria Malibran1808–1836 · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians7 decades
  100. 100Mykola LysenkoMykola Lysenko1842–1912 · Musicians0 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.