1800–1899
The 19th century
Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.
Talked about then
Whose names appeared most in Italian books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.
In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
#PersonIn print, 1800–2019Per million words
- 1
Giotto1267–1337 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists5.5 - 2
Antonio da Correggio1489–1534 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists5.0 - 3
Lorenzo de' Medici1449–1492 · 15th century · Politicians3.0 - 4
Dante Alighieri1265–1321 · 14th century · Writers2.9 - 5
Pietro Perugino1448–1523 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists2.9 - 6
Donato Bramante1444–1514 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Architects2.6 - 7
Torquato Tasso1544–1595 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers2.6 - 8
Caravaggio1571–1610 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists2.1 - 9
Apostolo Zeno1668–1750 · 18th century · Writers2.1 - 10
Cimabue1240–1302 · 13th century · Artists2.1 - 11
Tintoretto1519–1594 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.9 - 12
Charles Borromeo1538–1584 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures1.8 - 13
Donatello1386–1466 · 15th century · Artists1.8 - 14
Paul the Deacon720–799 · 8th century · Writers1.8 - 15
Leonardo da Vinci1452–1519 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.7 - 16
Philip Neri1515–1595 · 16th century · Religious Figures1.7 - 17
Marco Polo1254–1324 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians1.7 - 18
Cosimo de' Medici1389–1464 · 15th century · Politicians1.7 - 19
Galileo Galilei1564–1642 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Scientists1.7 - 20
Andrea Doria1466–1560 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians1.6 - 21
Giulio Romano1499–1546 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.6 - 22
Guercino1591–1666 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.5 - 23
Domenichino1581–1641 · 17th century · Artists1.5 - 24
Ugo Foscolo1778–1827 · 19th century · Writers1.4 - 25
Petrarch1304–1374 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics1.4 - 26
Andrea del Sarto1486–1530 · 16th century · Artists1.2 - 27
Pietro Aretino1492–1556 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.2 - 28
Alessandro Manzoni1785–1873 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.2 - 29
Giorgio Vasari1511–1574 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.2 - 30
Masaccio1401–1428 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.1 - 31
Baldassare Franceschini1611–1690 · 17th century · Artists1.1 - 32
Francis of Assisi1182–1226 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.1 - 33
Cesare Borgia1475–1507 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures1.1 - 34
Paolo Veronese1528–1588 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.1 - 35
Guido Reni1575–1642 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.0 - 36
Dino Compagni1255–1324 · 13th century · Writers1.0 - 37
Pietro Bembo1470–1547 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures1.00 - 38
Guido Cavalcanti1258–1300 · 13th century · Writers0.99 - 39
Niccolò Machiavelli1469–1527 · 16th century · Politicians0.99 - 40
Filippo Maria Visconti1392–1447 · 15th century · Politicians0.97 - 41
Cesare Balbo1789–1853 · 19th century · Politicians0.97 - 42
Giuseppe Mazzini1805–1872 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Activists0.93 - 43
Prospero Colonna1452–1523 · 15th century0.90 - 44
Benvenuto Cellini1500–1571 · 16th century · Artists0.90 - 45
Benedetto Varchi1503–1565 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.88 - 46
Francesco Guicciardini1483–1540 · 16th century · Writers0.88 - 47
Aloysius Gonzaga1568–1591 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures0.88 - 48
Vittorio Alfieri1749–1803 · 18th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures0.87 - 49
Silvio Pellico1789–1854 · 19th century · Writers0.87 - 50
Cesare Cantù1804–1895 · 19th century · Writers0.87 - 51
Giacomo Leopardi1798–1837 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.85 - 52
Vincenzo Gioberti1801–1852 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.85 - 53
Giovanni Boccaccio1313–1375 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.85 - 54
Francesco Redi1626–1697 · 17th century · Doctors0.85 - 55
Francesco Gonzaga1444–1483 · 15th century0.84 - 56
Franco Sacchetti1332–1400 · 14th century · Writers0.82 - 57
Teodato Ipato750–800 · 8th century · Politicians0.80 - 58
Salvator Rosa1615–1673 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.76 - 59
Giordano Bruno1548–1600 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.75 - 60
Girolamo Savonarola1452–1498 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.74 - 61
Domenico Passignano1559–1638 · 16th century · Artists0.74 - 62
Paolo Sarpi1552–1623 · 16th century · Academics0.73 - 63
Parmigianino1503–1540 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.72 - 64
Paolo Giovio1483–1552 · 16th century · Writers0.71 - 65
Massimo d'Azeglio1798–1866 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.71 - 66AMAldus Manutius the Younger1547–1597 · 16th century0.71
- 67
Aldus Manutius1449–1515 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy0.71 - 68
Bernardo Tasso1493–1569 · 16th century · Writers0.71 - 69
Lucrezia Borgia1480–1519 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures0.69 - 70
Pietro da Cortona1596–1669 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.69
- 71MVMatteo Villani1283–1363 · 14th century · Writers0.68
- 72
Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei1675–1755 · 18th century · Writers0.66 - 73
Luigi Alamanni1495–1556 · 16th century · Writers0.65 - 74
Vittoria Colonna1492–1547 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.64 - 75
Pietro Verri1728–1797 · 18th century · Academics0.64 - 76
Pinturicchio1454–1513 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.64 - 77
Giuliano de' Medici1453–1478 · 15th century · Politicians0.62 - 78
Marsilio Ficino1433–1499 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.62 - 79
Filippo Villani1325–1407 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.62 - 80
Paulus Manutius1512–1574 · 16th century · Writers0.61 - 81
Catherine de' Medici1519–1589 · 16th century · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures0.60 - 82
Scipione Ammirato1531–1601 · 16th century · Writers0.58 - 83
Bernardino of Siena1380–1444 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.58 - 84
Francesco Filelfo1398–1481 · 15th century · Academics0.56 - 85
Andrea Gritti1455–1538 · 15th century · Politicians0.56 - 86
Pontormo1494–1556 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.52 - 87
Antonio Rosmini1797–1855 · 19th century · Academics0.51 - 88
Leon Battista Alberti1404–1472 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Architects0.49 - 89
Francesco Foscari1373–1457 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.47 - 90
Giosuè Carducci1835–1907 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.47 - 91
Andrea Dandolo1306–1354 · 14th century · Politicians0.45 - 92
Alessandro Cagliostro1743–1795 · 18th century · 🇫🇷 France · Doctors0.45 - 93
Francesco Vettori1474–1540 · 16th century · Writers0.45 - 94
Leandro Alberti1479–1552 · 16th century · Writers0.45 - 95
Amerigo Vespucci1454–1512 · 15th century · Historical Figures0.44 - 96
Erasmo of Narni1370–1443 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy0.44 - 97
Anton Maria Salvini1653–1729 · 17th century · Writers0.43 - 98
Michelangelo1475–1564 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.43 - 99
Francesca da Rimini1259–1285 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.42 - 100
Antonio Canova1757–1822 · 18th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.42
Lived then
The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.
#PersonIn print, 1800–2019Echoed
- 1
Abraham Lincoln1809–1865 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 2
Theodore Roosevelt1858–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 3
James A. Garfield1831–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 4
William McKinley1843–1901 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 5
Woodrow Wilson1856–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians14 decades - 6
Ulysses S. Grant1822–1885 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 7
James Buchanan1791–1868 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 8
Grover Cleveland1837–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians14 decades - 9
Andrew Jackson1767–1845 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 10
Joseph Smith1805–1844 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 11
Chester A. Arthur1829–1886 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades - 12
John Quincy Adams1767–1848 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 13
P. T. Barnum1810–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians17 decades - 14
Andrew Johnson1808–1875 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 15
William Howard Taft1857–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians12 decades - 16
Martin Van Buren1782–1862 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians21 decades - 17
William Henry Harrison1773–1841 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 18
Franklin Pierce1804–1869 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians20 decades - 19
Jefferson Davis1808–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians20 decades - 20
James K. Polk1795–1849 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians20 decades - 21
Zachary Taylor1784–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 22
John Tyler1790–1862 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 23
Rutherford B. Hayes1822–1893 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 24
Benjamin Harrison1833–1901 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 25
Millard Fillmore1800–1874 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 26
Joseph Pulitzer1847–1911 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians14 decades - 27
Crazy Horse1849–1877 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades
- 28
Davy Crockett1786–1836 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 29
William Randolph Hearst1863–1951 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians12 decades - 30
Wyatt Earp1848–1929 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians10 decades - 31
Sam Houston1793–1863 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians20 decades - 32
John C. Calhoun1782–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 33
Victoria Woodhull1838–1927 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians10 decades - 34
Philip Sheridan1831–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians13 decades - 35
George Brinton McClellan1826–1885 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 36
William H. Seward1801–1872 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 37
William Jennings Bryan1860–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians13 decades
- 38
Lew Wallace1827–1905 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 39
Eugene V. Debs1855–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians13 decades - 40
Thomas R. Marshall1854–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians8 decades - 41
Leland Stanford1824–1893 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 42
Garret Hobart1844–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 43
Charles Curtis1860–1936 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 44
Horace Mann1796–1859 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades - 45
Stephen A. Douglas1813–1861 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 46
Elihu Root1845–1937 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians14 decades - 47
Horace Greeley1811–1872 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 48
Charles W. Fairbanks1852–1918 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians6 decades - 49
John C. Breckinridge1821–1875 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians17 decades - 50
Henry Clay1777–1852 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians22 decades
- 51
Levi P. Morton1824–1920 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians11 decades - 52
James Longstreet1821–1904 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades - 53
Richard Mentor Johnson1780–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 54
Red Cloud1822–1909 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 55
Robert Todd Lincoln1843–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians10 decades - 56
James G. Blaine1830–1893 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 57
Henry Wilson1812–1875 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians21 decades - 58
Julia Grant1826–1902 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians2 decades - 59
Winfield Scott1786–1866 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians21 decades - 60
Edith Roosevelt1861–1948 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 61
Joseph E. Johnston1807–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 62
George M. Dallas1792–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians15 decades - 63
David Farragut1801–1870 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians4 decades - 64
Clarence Darrow1857–1938 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians12 decades - 65
J. E. B. Stuart1833–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 66
Thomas A. Hendricks1819–1885 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians13 decades - 67
Rachel Jackson1767–1828 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians7 decades - 68
James S. Sherman1855–1912 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians4 decades - 69
Alexander H. Stephens1812–1883 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 70
Daniel D. Tompkins1774–1825 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 71
John C. Frémont1813–1890 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians12 decades - 72
Ambrose Burnside1824–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians3 decades - 73
Salmon P. Chase1808–1873 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians17 decades - 74
Andrew W. Mellon1855–1937 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians10 decades - 75
Henry Ward Beecher1813–1887 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians17 decades - 76
Hannibal Hamlin1809–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians18 decades - 77
John Sherman1823–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians20 decades - 78
Edwin Stanton1814–1869 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 79
Ellen Axson Wilson1860–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians2 decades - 80
Charles Evans Hughes1862–1948 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians11 decades - 81
John Hay1838–1905 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 82
Jane Pierce1806–1863 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 83
Roger B. Taney1777–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 84
Schuyler Colfax1823–1885 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians17 decades - 85
Edward Everett1794–1865 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians21 decades - 86
Helen Herron Taft1861–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 87
Robert M. La Follette1855–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians12 decades - 88
Ida Saxton McKinley1847–1907 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 89
Martha Jefferson Randolph1772–1836 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians1 decades - 90
Carl Schurz1829–1906 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 91
Charles Sumner1811–1874 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 92
William A. Wheeler1819–1887 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians11 decades - 93
Thaddeus Stevens1792–1868 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians19 decades - 94
Judah P. Benjamin1811–1884 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians16 decades - 95
Florence Harding1860–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 96
Sarah Childress Polk1803–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 97
Winfield Scott Hancock1824–1886 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians8 decades - 98
Rebecca Latimer Felton1835–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians0 decades - 99
Sanford B. Dole1844–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians5 decades - 100
Julia Gardiner Tyler1820–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Politicians1 decades
How this is measured
- Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
- Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
- Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
- What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.