Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Italian books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1GiottoGiotto1267–1337 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists5.5
  2. 2Antonio da CorreggioAntonio da Correggio1489–1534 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists5.0
  3. 3Lorenzo de' MediciLorenzo de' Medici1449–1492 · 15th century · Politicians3.0
  4. 4Dante AlighieriDante Alighieri1265–1321 · 14th century · Writers2.9
  5. 5Pietro PeruginoPietro Perugino1448–1523 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists2.9
  6. 6Donato BramanteDonato Bramante1444–1514 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Architects2.6
  7. 7Torquato TassoTorquato Tasso1544–1595 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers2.6
  8. 8CaravaggioCaravaggio1571–1610 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists2.1
  9. 9Apostolo ZenoApostolo Zeno1668–1750 · 18th century · Writers2.1
  10. 10CimabueCimabue1240–1302 · 13th century · Artists2.1
  11. 11TintorettoTintoretto1519–1594 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.9
  12. 12Charles BorromeoCharles Borromeo1538–1584 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures1.8
  13. 13DonatelloDonatello1386–1466 · 15th century · Artists1.8
  14. 14Paul the DeaconPaul the Deacon720–799 · 8th century · Writers1.8
  15. 15Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci1452–1519 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.7
  16. 16Philip NeriPhilip Neri1515–1595 · 16th century · Religious Figures1.7
  17. 17Marco PoloMarco Polo1254–1324 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians1.7
  18. 18Cosimo de' MediciCosimo de' Medici1389–1464 · 15th century · Politicians1.7
  19. 19Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei1564–1642 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Scientists1.7
  20. 20Andrea DoriaAndrea Doria1466–1560 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians1.6
  21. 21Giulio RomanoGiulio Romano1499–1546 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.6
  22. 22GuercinoGuercino1591–1666 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.5
  23. 23DomenichinoDomenichino1581–1641 · 17th century · Artists1.5
  24. 24Ugo FoscoloUgo Foscolo1778–1827 · 19th century · Writers1.4
  25. 25PetrarchPetrarch1304–1374 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics1.4
  26. 26Andrea del SartoAndrea del Sarto1486–1530 · 16th century · Artists1.2
  27. 27Pietro AretinoPietro Aretino1492–1556 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.2
  28. 28Alessandro ManzoniAlessandro Manzoni1785–1873 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.2
  29. 29Giorgio VasariGiorgio Vasari1511–1574 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.2
  30. 30MasaccioMasaccio1401–1428 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.1
  31. 31Baldassare FranceschiniBaldassare Franceschini1611–1690 · 17th century · Artists1.1
  32. 32Francis of AssisiFrancis of Assisi1182–1226 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers1.1
  33. 33Cesare BorgiaCesare Borgia1475–1507 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures1.1
  34. 34Paolo VeronesePaolo Veronese1528–1588 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.1
  35. 35Guido ReniGuido Reni1575–1642 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists1.0
  36. 36Dino CompagniDino Compagni1255–1324 · 13th century · Writers1.0
  37. 37Pietro BemboPietro Bembo1470–1547 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures1.00
  38. 38Guido CavalcantiGuido Cavalcanti1258–1300 · 13th century · Writers0.99
  39. 39Niccolò MachiavelliNiccolò Machiavelli1469–1527 · 16th century · Politicians0.99
  40. 40Filippo Maria ViscontiFilippo Maria Visconti1392–1447 · 15th century · Politicians0.97
  41. 41Cesare BalboCesare Balbo1789–1853 · 19th century · Politicians0.97
  42. 42Giuseppe MazziniGiuseppe Mazzini1805–1872 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Activists0.93
  43. 43Prospero ColonnaProspero Colonna1452–1523 · 15th century0.90
  44. 44Benvenuto CelliniBenvenuto Cellini1500–1571 · 16th century · Artists0.90
  45. 45Benedetto VarchiBenedetto Varchi1503–1565 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.88
  46. 46Francesco GuicciardiniFrancesco Guicciardini1483–1540 · 16th century · Writers0.88
  47. 47Aloysius GonzagaAloysius Gonzaga1568–1591 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Religious Figures0.88
  48. 48Vittorio AlfieriVittorio Alfieri1749–1803 · 18th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures0.87
  49. 49Silvio PellicoSilvio Pellico1789–1854 · 19th century · Writers0.87
  50. 50Cesare CantùCesare Cantù1804–1895 · 19th century · Writers0.87
  51. 51Giacomo LeopardiGiacomo Leopardi1798–1837 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.85
  52. 52Vincenzo GiobertiVincenzo Gioberti1801–1852 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.85
  53. 53Giovanni BoccaccioGiovanni Boccaccio1313–1375 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.85
  54. 54Francesco RediFrancesco Redi1626–1697 · 17th century · Doctors0.85
  55. 55Francesco GonzagaFrancesco Gonzaga1444–1483 · 15th century0.84
  56. 56Franco SacchettiFranco Sacchetti1332–1400 · 14th century · Writers0.82
  57. 57Teodato IpatoTeodato Ipato750–800 · 8th century · Politicians0.80
  58. 58Salvator RosaSalvator Rosa1615–1673 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.76
  59. 59Giordano BrunoGiordano Bruno1548–1600 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.75
  60. 60Girolamo SavonarolaGirolamo Savonarola1452–1498 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.74
  61. 61Domenico PassignanoDomenico Passignano1559–1638 · 16th century · Artists0.74
  62. 62Paolo SarpiPaolo Sarpi1552–1623 · 16th century · Academics0.73
  63. 63ParmigianinoParmigianino1503–1540 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.72
  64. 64Paolo GiovioPaolo Giovio1483–1552 · 16th century · Writers0.71
  65. 65Massimo d'AzeglioMassimo d'Azeglio1798–1866 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.71
  66. 66Aldus ManutiusAldus Manutius1449–1515 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy0.71
  67. 67AMAldus Manutius the Younger1547–1597 · 16th century0.71
  68. 68Bernardo TassoBernardo Tasso1493–1569 · 16th century · Writers0.71
  69. 69Lucrezia BorgiaLucrezia Borgia1480–1519 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures0.69
  70. 70Pietro da CortonaPietro da Cortona1596–1669 · 17th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.69
  71. 71MVMatteo Villani1283–1363 · 14th century · Writers0.68
  72. 72Francesco Scipione, marchese di MaffeiFrancesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei1675–1755 · 18th century · Writers0.66
  73. 73Luigi AlamanniLuigi Alamanni1495–1556 · 16th century · Writers0.65
  74. 74Vittoria ColonnaVittoria Colonna1492–1547 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.64
  75. 75Pietro VerriPietro Verri1728–1797 · 18th century · Academics0.64
  76. 76PinturicchioPinturicchio1454–1513 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.64
  77. 77Giuliano de' MediciGiuliano de' Medici1453–1478 · 15th century · Politicians0.62
  78. 78Marsilio FicinoMarsilio Ficino1433–1499 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.62
  79. 79Filippo VillaniFilippo Villani1325–1407 · 14th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.62
  80. 80Paulus ManutiusPaulus Manutius1512–1574 · 16th century · Writers0.61
  81. 81Catherine de' MediciCatherine de' Medici1519–1589 · 16th century · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures0.60
  82. 82Scipione AmmiratoScipione Ammirato1531–1601 · 16th century · Writers0.58
  83. 83Bernardino of SienaBernardino of Siena1380–1444 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Academics0.58
  84. 84Francesco FilelfoFrancesco Filelfo1398–1481 · 15th century · Academics0.56
  85. 85Andrea GrittiAndrea Gritti1455–1538 · 15th century · Politicians0.56
  86. 86PontormoPontormo1494–1556 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.52
  87. 87Antonio RosminiAntonio Rosmini1797–1855 · 19th century · Academics0.51
  88. 88Leon Battista AlbertiLeon Battista Alberti1404–1472 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Architects0.49
  89. 89Francesco FoscariFrancesco Foscari1373–1457 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Politicians0.47
  90. 90Giosuè CarducciGiosuè Carducci1835–1907 · 19th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.47
  91. 91Andrea DandoloAndrea Dandolo1306–1354 · 14th century · Politicians0.45
  92. 92Alessandro CagliostroAlessandro Cagliostro1743–1795 · 18th century · 🇫🇷 France · Doctors0.45
  93. 93Francesco VettoriFrancesco Vettori1474–1540 · 16th century · Writers0.45
  94. 94Leandro AlbertiLeandro Alberti1479–1552 · 16th century · Writers0.45
  95. 95Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci1454–1512 · 15th century · Historical Figures0.44
  96. 96Erasmo of NarniErasmo of Narni1370–1443 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy0.44
  97. 97Anton Maria SalviniAnton Maria Salvini1653–1729 · 17th century · Writers0.43
  98. 98MichelangeloMichelangelo1475–1564 · 16th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.43
  99. 99Francesca da RiminiFrancesca da Rimini1259–1285 · 13th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Writers0.42
  100. 100Antonio CanovaAntonio Canova1757–1822 · 18th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0.42

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Vincent van GoghVincent van Gogh1853–1890 · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Artists12 decades
  2. 2Claude MonetClaude Monet1840–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  3. 3Paul CézannePaul Cézanne1839–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  4. 4Paul GauguinPaul Gauguin1848–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  5. 5Gustav KlimtGustav Klimt1862–1918 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists12 decades
  6. 6Edvard MunchEdvard Munch1863–1944 · 🇳🇴 Norway · Artists7 decades
  7. 7Pierre-Auguste RenoirPierre-Auguste Renoir1841–1919 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  8. 8Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix1798–1863 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists20 decades
  9. 9Caspar David FriedrichCaspar David Friedrich1774–1840 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Artists11 decades
  10. 10Auguste RodinAuguste Rodin1840–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  11. 11J. M. W. TurnerJ. M. W. Turner1775–1851 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists22 decades
  12. 12Ilya RepinIlya Repin1844–1930 · Artists10 decades
  13. 13Henri de Toulouse-LautrecHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec1864–1901 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades
  14. 14Édouard ManetÉdouard Manet1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  15. 15Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresJean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres1780–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  16. 16Edgar DegasEdgar Degas1834–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  17. 17Gustave CourbetGustave Courbet1819–1877 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  18. 18Ivan AivazovskyIvan Aivazovsky1817–1900 · Artists2 decades
  19. 19Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro1830–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  20. 20Viktor VasnetsovViktor Vasnetsov1848–1926 · Artists10 decades
  21. 21Berthe MorisotBerthe Morisot1841–1895 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  22. 22Henri RousseauHenri Rousseau1844–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  23. 23Gustave DoréGustave Doré1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades
  24. 24Alphonse MuchaAlphonse Mucha1860–1939 · Artists1 decades
  25. 25Wilhelm BuschWilhelm Busch1832–1908 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists15 decades
  26. 26Georges SeuratGeorges Seurat1859–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  27. 27William MorrisWilliam Morris1834–1896 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists19 decades
  28. 28Ivan ShishkinIvan Shishkin1831–1898 · Artists9 decades
  29. 29Mary CassattMary Cassatt1844–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists12 decades
  30. 30Théodore GéricaultThéodore Géricault1791–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  31. 31NadarNadar1820–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  32. 32Karl BryullovKarl Bryullov1799–1852 · Artists11 decades
  33. 33Camille ClaudelCamille Claudel1864–1943 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  34. 34Alfred SisleyAlfred Sisley1839–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  35. 35Victoria, Princess RoyalVictoria, Princess Royal1840–1901 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists0 decades
  36. 36Jean-François MilletJean-François Millet1814–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  37. 37John Singer SargentJohn Singer Sargent1856–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists11 decades
  38. 38Isaac LevitanIsaac Levitan1860–1900 · Artists7 decades
  39. 39Max LiebermannMax Liebermann1847–1935 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists13 decades
  40. 40Arkhip KuindzhiArkhip Kuindzhi1841–1910 · Artists2 decades
  41. 41Jean-Baptiste-Camille CorotJean-Baptiste-Camille Corot1796–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  42. 42Honoré DaumierHonoré Daumier1808–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  43. 43Vasily VereshchaginVasily Vereshchagin1842–1904 · Artists8 decades
  44. 44Vasily SurikovVasily Surikov1848–1916 · Artists8 decades
  45. 45Frédéric Auguste BartholdiFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi1834–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  46. 46John ConstableJohn Constable1776–1837 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists22 decades
  47. 47William-Adolphe BouguereauWilliam-Adolphe Bouguereau1825–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  48. 48Rosa BonheurRosa Bonheur1822–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists18 decades
  49. 49Ivan KramskoiIvan Kramskoi1837–1887 · Artists11 decades
  50. 50Paul SignacPaul Signac1863–1935 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  51. 51HiroshigeHiroshige1797–1858 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artistsnot measured—
  52. 52James Abbott McNeill WhistlerJames Abbott McNeill Whistler1834–1903 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists12 decades
  53. 53Gustave CaillebotteGustave Caillebotte1848–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  54. 54Mikhail VrubelMikhail Vrubel1856–1910 · Artists9 decades
  55. 55Odilon RedonOdilon Redon1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  56. 56Jean-Léon GérômeJean-Léon Gérôme1824–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  57. 57Arnold BöcklinArnold Böcklin1827–1901 · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Artists14 decades
  58. 58Joseph MerrickJoseph Merrick1862–1890 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists0 decades
  59. 59Gustave MoreauGustave Moreau1826–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  60. 60John James AudubonJohn James Audubon1785–1851 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists19 decades
  61. 61Eadweard MuybridgeEadweard Muybridge1830–1904 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists7 decades
  62. 62John Everett MillaisJohn Everett Millais1829–1896 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  63. 63Joaquín SorollaJoaquín Sorolla1863–1923 · 🇪🇸 Spain · Artists13 decades
  64. 64Niko PirosmaniNiko Pirosmani1862–1918 · Artists6 decades
  65. 65Anders ZornAnders Zorn1860–1920 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Artists4 decades
  66. 66Carlos I of PortugalCarlos I of Portugal1863–1908 · 🇵🇹 Portugal · Artists0 decades
  67. 67Édouard-Henri AvrilÉdouard-Henri Avril1849–1928 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  68. 68Margaret of SavoyMargaret of Savoy1851–1926 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists17 decades
  69. 69Hilma af KlintHilma af Klint1862–1944 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Artists0 decades
  70. 70James EnsorJames Ensor1860–1949 · Artists13 decades
  71. 71Jan MatejkoJan Matejko1838–1893 · Artists3 decades
  72. 72Carl LarssonCarl Larsson1853–1919 · 🇸🇪 Sweden · Artists4 decades
  73. 73John William WaterhouseJohn William Waterhouse1849–1917 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists0 decades
  74. 74Alfred StieglitzAlfred Stieglitz1864–1946 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists13 decades
  75. 75Anna Pavlovna of RussiaAnna Pavlovna of Russia1795–1865 · Artists0 decades
  76. 76Raja Ravi VarmaRaja Ravi Varma1848–1906 · 🇮🇳 India · Artists0 decades
  77. 77Aubrey BeardsleyAubrey Beardsley1872–1898 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  78. 78Alexandre CabanelAlexandre Cabanel1823–1889 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists6 decades
  79. 79Tokugawa YoshinobuTokugawa Yoshinobu1837–1913 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists0 decades
  80. 80Luís I of PortugalLuís I of Portugal1838–1889 · 🇵🇹 Portugal · Artistsnot measured—
  81. 81Lawrence Alma-TademaLawrence Alma-Tadema1836–1912 · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Artists1 decades
  82. 82Thomas ColeThomas Cole1801–1848 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists22 decades
  83. 83Frédéric BazilleFrédéric Bazille1841–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  84. 84Eugène BoudinEugène Boudin1824–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  85. 85Francesco HayezFrancesco Hayez1791–1882 · 🇮🇹 Italy · Artists20 decades
  86. 86James TissotJames Tissot1836–1902 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  87. 87Winslow HomerWinslow Homer1836–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists15 decades
  88. 88Frederic Edwin ChurchFrederic Edwin Church1826–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists3 decades
  89. 89William Holman HuntWilliam Holman Hunt1827–1910 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists5 decades
  90. 90Edward Burne-JonesEdward Burne-Jones1833–1898 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists13 decades
  91. 91Julia Margaret CameronJulia Margaret Cameron1815–1879 · 🇮🇳 India · Artists5 decades
  92. 92Bertel ThorvaldsenBertel Thorvaldsen1770–1844 · Artists1 decades
  93. 93Edward LearEdward Lear1812–1888 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists15 decades
  94. 94Vasily PerovVasily Perov1833–1882 · Artists8 decades
  95. 95Albert BierstadtAlbert Bierstadt1830–1902 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists6 decades
  96. 96Frederic LeightonFrederic Leighton1830–1896 · 🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Artists5 decades
  97. 97Albert EdelfeltAlbert Edelfelt1854–1905 · Artists0 decades
  98. 98Grandma MosesGrandma Moses1860–1961 · 🇺🇸 United States · Artists8 decades
  99. 99Henry van de VeldeHenry van de Velde1863–1957 · Artists7 decades
  100. 100Utagawa KuniyoshiUtagawa Kuniyoshi1798–1861 · 🇯🇵 Japan · Artists0 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.