Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Spanish books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1John of GodJohn of God1495–1550 · 16th century · 🇵🇹 Portugal5.8
  2. 2Lope de VegaLope de Vega1562–1635 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers5.3
  3. 3Francis XavierFrancis Xavier1506–1552 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers4.5
  4. 4John of AustriaJohn of Austria1547–1578 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians4.2
  5. 5Gonzalo PizarroGonzalo Pizarro1502–1548 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures3.3
  6. 6Nicolás AntonioNicolás Antonio1617–1684 · 17th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians2.3
  7. 7John I of FranceJohn I of France1316–1316 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Historical Figures2.1
  8. 8Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro1478–1541 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures2.0
  9. 9Miguel de CervantesMiguel de Cervantes1547–1616 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers1.9
  10. 10Diego de AlmagroDiego de Almagro1475–1538 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures1.7
  11. 11Vincent FerrerVincent Ferrer1350–1419 · 14th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Religious Figures1.6
  12. 12Ambrosio de MoralesAmbrosio de Morales1513–1591 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers1.5
  13. 13Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of GandíaFrancis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía1510–1572 · 16th century · Politicians1.5
  14. 14Francisco de BorjaFrancisco de Borja1441–1511 · 15th century · Writers1.5
  15. 15Hernando PizarroHernando Pizarro1502–1578 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures1.4
  16. 16Pedro de ValdiviaPedro de Valdivia1497–1553 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians1.3
  17. 17Pedro de AlvaradoPedro de Alvarado1486–1541 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures1.3
  18. 18RecceswinthRecceswinthdied 672 · 7th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures1.2
  19. 19WittizaWittiza686–710 · 8th century · Historical Figures1.2
  20. 20Pope Alexander VIPope Alexander VI1431–1503 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Religious Figures1.2
  21. 21Ignatius of LoyolaIgnatius of Loyola1491–1556 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Religious Figures1.1
  22. 22Garcilaso de la VegaGarcilaso de la Vega1503–1536 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers1.0
  23. 23Francisco QuevedoFrancisco Quevedo1584–1645 · 17th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers1.00
  24. 24Juan López de PadillaJuan López de Padilla1490–1521 · 16th century · Activists0.90
  25. 25Gonzalo de SandovalGonzalo de Sandoval1497–1528 · 16th century · Historical Figures0.86
  26. 26Lope de RuedaLope de Rueda1505–1566 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.82
  27. 27Juan de HerreraJuan de Herrera1530–1597 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Architects0.82
  28. 28Bartolomé de las CasasBartolomé de las Casas1484–1566 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.81
  29. 29Jorge Juan y SantaciliaJorge Juan y Santacilia1713–1773 · 18th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Scientists0.80
  30. 30Antonio Cánovas del CastilloAntonio Cánovas del Castillo1828–1897 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.80
  31. 31Anna of Austria, Queen of SpainAnna of Austria, Queen of Spain1549–1580 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.77
  32. 32Manuel GodoyManuel Godoy1767–1851 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.76
  33. 33Melchor CanoMelchor Cano1509–1560 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.76
  34. 34Tirso de MolinaTirso de Molina1583–1648 · 17th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.75
  35. 35Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus1451–1506 · 15th century · 🇮🇹 Italy · Historical Figures0.75
  36. 36Francisco PachecoFrancisco Pacheco1564–1644 · 16th century · Artists0.74
  37. 37Teresa of ÁvilaTeresa of Ávila1515–1582 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.70
  38. 38Rodrigo de QuirogaRodrigo de Quiroga1512–1580 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.69
  39. 39Porfirio DíazPorfirio Díaz1830–1915 · 19th century · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Politicians0.68
  40. 40Juan BravoJuan Bravo1483–1521 · 16th century · Politicians0.63
  41. 41Rodrigo CaroRodrigo Caro1573–1647 · 17th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.63
  42. 42Hernán CortésHernán Cortés1485–1547 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.62
  43. 43Práxedes Mateo SagastaPráxedes Mateo Sagasta1825–1903 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.61
  44. 44Alonso de AlvaradoAlonso de Alvarado1500–1556 · 16th century · Historical Figures0.57
  45. 45Francisco de Toledo, Count of OropesaFrancisco de Toledo, Count of Oropesa1515–1582 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.56
  46. 46JFJuan Fernández1529–1602 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.56
  47. 47Peter of AlcantaraPeter of Alcantara1499–1562 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain0.54
  48. 48Francisco VerdugoFrancisco Verdugo1537–1595 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.53
  49. 49Alonso CanoAlonso Cano1601–1667 · 17th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Artists0.52
  50. 50Juan de MarianaJuan de Mariana1536–1624 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.52
  51. 51Francisco de VillagraFrancisco de Villagra1511–1563 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.50
  52. 52Francis SolanusFrancis Solanus1549–1610 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain0.48
  53. 53Thomas of VillanovaThomas of Villanova1488–1555 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.47
  54. 54Hernando de SotoHernando de Soto1500–1542 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.46
  55. 55Isidore of SevilleIsidore of Seville560–636 · 6th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.46
  56. 56SampiroSampiro956–1041 · 10th century · Politicians0.44
  57. 57Andrés BelloAndrés Bello1781–1865 · 19th century · Politicians0.44
  58. 58Diego de OrdazDiego de Ordaz1480–1532 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Scientists0.43
  59. 59John of the CrossJohn of the Cross1542–1591 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.42
  60. 60Francisco de AguirreFrancisco de Aguirre1507–1581 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.41
  61. 61Emilio CastelarEmilio Castelar1832–1899 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.41
  62. 62Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of RivasÁngel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas1791–1865 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.40
  63. 63Juan de RiberaJuan de Ribera1532–1611 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Actors0.39
  64. 64Antonio de UlloaAntonio de Ulloa1716–1795 · 18th century · Writers0.39
  65. 65Jose Miguel CarreraJose Miguel Carrera1785–1821 · 19th century · Politicians0.38
  66. 66Juan de CastroJuan de Castro1431–1506 · 15th century0.38
  67. 67Leopoldo O'Donnell, 1st Duke of TetuanLeopoldo O'Donnell, 1st Duke of Tetuan1809–1867 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.38
  68. 68Gaspar Melchor de JovellanosGaspar Melchor de Jovellanos1744–1811 · 18th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.38
  69. 69Juan AndrésJuan Andrés1740–1817 · 18th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.37
  70. 70María de PadillaMaría de Padilla1334–1361 · 14th century0.37
  71. 71Elisabeth FarneseElisabeth Farnese1692–1766 · 18th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.36
  72. 72Emilia Pardo BazánEmilia Pardo Bazán1851–1921 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.36
  73. 73Juan de GrijalvaJuan de Grijalva1490–1527 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain0.36
  74. 74Francisco de CarvajalFrancisco de Carvajal1464–1548 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.36
  75. 75Fernando de HerreraFernando de Herrera1534–1597 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.35
  76. 76AlfonsoAlfonso1453–1468 · 15th century · Politicians0.34
  77. 77HDHernando del Pulgar1436–1492 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.34
  78. 78Vicente GuerreroVicente Guerrero1782–1831 · 19th century · 🇲🇽 Mexico · Politicians0.34
  79. 79Fernán González of CastileFernán González of Castile910–970 · 10th century0.34
  80. 80Juan de la CosaJuan de la Cosa1450–1510 · 15th century · Historical Figures0.34
  81. 81Alexander Farnese, Duke of ParmaAlexander Farnese, Duke of Parma1545–1592 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.34
  82. 82Alonso de ErcillaAlonso de Ercilla1533–1595 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.33
  83. 83Bartolomé MitreBartolomé Mitre1821–1906 · 19th century · 🇦🇷 Argentina · Politicians0.33
  84. 84Juan de GarayJuan de Garay1528–1583 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain0.33
  85. 85Luis de GóngoraLuis de Góngora1561–1627 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.32
  86. 86Michael de SanctisMichael de Sanctis1591–1625 · 17th century · Religious Figures0.32
  87. 87Francisco de Montejo y LeónFrancisco de Montejo y León1479–1553 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.31
  88. 88Bernardino de MendozaBernardino de Mendoza1540–1604 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.30
  89. 89Bernardo O'HigginsBernardo O'Higgins1778–1842 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.30
  90. 90Gil VicenteGil Vicente1465–1536 · 16th century · 🇵🇹 Portugal · Writers0.30
  91. 91Manuel José QuintanaManuel José Quintana1772–1857 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.30
  92. 92Simón BolívarSimón Bolívar1783–1830 · 19th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Politicians0.30
  93. 93Isabella of Castile, Queen of AragonIsabella of Castile, Queen of Aragon1283–1328 · 14th century0.29
  94. 94Pedro TenorioPedro Tenorio1328–1399 · 14th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Religious Figures0.29
  95. 95Luis de GranadaLuis de Granada1504–1588 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Actors0.28
  96. 96Pedro de VillagraPedro de Villagra1513–1577 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.28
  97. 97EurosiaEurosia864–880 · 9th century0.28
  98. 98Juan de OrtegaJuan de Ortega1480–1568 · 16th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.28
  99. 99Manuel OribeManuel Oribe1792–1857 · 19th century · Politicians0.28
  100. 100Antonio de NebrijaAntonio de Nebrija1444–1522 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Academics0.28

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Ralph Waldo EmersonRalph Waldo Emerson1803–1882 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  2. 2Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie1835–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  3. 3John DeweyJohn Dewey1859–1952 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  4. 4William JamesWilliam James1842–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  5. 5Brigham YoungBrigham Young1801–1877 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  6. 6Charles Sanders PeirceCharles Sanders Peirce1839–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics9 decades
  7. 7Jane AddamsJane Addams1860–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  8. 8Franz BoasFranz Boas1858–1942 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  9. 9Thorstein VeblenThorstein Veblen1857–1929 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics11 decades
  10. 10Henry GeorgeHenry George1839–1897 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  11. 11Oliver Wendell HolmesOliver Wendell Holmes1841–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  12. 12George Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert Mead1863–1931 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  13. 13Friedrich ListFriedrich List1789–1846 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  14. 14Lewis H. MorganLewis H. Morgan1818–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics15 decades
  15. 15Joshua Lawrence ChamberlainJoshua Lawrence Chamberlain1828–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  16. 16William MillerWilliam Miller1782–1849 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics22 decades
  17. 17Othniel Charles MarshOthniel Charles Marsh1831–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  18. 18Dwight Lyman MoodyDwight Lyman Moody1837–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  19. 19G. Stanley HallG. Stanley Hall1844–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  20. 20Nicholas Murray ButlerNicholas Murray Butler1862–1947 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  21. 21Charles CooleyCharles Cooley1864–1929 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  22. 22Hugo MünsterbergHugo Münsterberg1863–1916 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics3 decades
  23. 23Josiah RoyceJosiah Royce1855–1916 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  24. 24Theodore ParkerTheodore Parker1810–1860 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  25. 25William Graham SumnerWilliam Graham Sumner1840–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics11 decades
  26. 26John William DraperJohn William Draper1811–1882 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  27. 27Cyrus Ingerson ScofieldCyrus Ingerson Scofield1843–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  28. 28Adoniram JudsonAdoniram Judson1788–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  29. 29Ernest FenollosaErnest Fenollosa1853–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  30. 30James McKeen CattellJames McKeen Cattell1860–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  31. 31Robert Ezra ParkRobert Ezra Park1864–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  32. 32Benjamin PeirceBenjamin Peirce1809–1880 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  33. 33Charles William EliotCharles William Eliot1834–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  34. 34Mary Whiton CalkinsMary Whiton Calkins1863–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics2 decades
  35. 35John Bates ClarkJohn Bates Clark1847–1938 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics12 decades
  36. 36Daniel Harvey HillDaniel Harvey Hill1821–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  37. 37Felix AdlerFelix Adler1851–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics15 decades
  38. 38Nathaniel BowditchNathaniel Bowditch1773–1838 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  39. 39Florence KelleyFlorence Kelley1859–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  40. 40Henry SchoolcraftHenry Schoolcraft1793–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics1 decades
  41. 41Joseph LeidyJoseph Leidy1823–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics13 decades
  42. 42Clement Clarke MooreClement Clarke Moore1779–1863 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  43. 43Spencer Fullerton BairdSpencer Fullerton Baird1823–1887 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics3 decades
  44. 44Samuel George MortonSamuel George Morton1799–1851 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  45. 45William Walker AtkinsonWilliam Walker Atkinson1862–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  46. 46Alexander Emanuel AgassizAlexander Emanuel Agassiz1835–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  47. 47Henry Charles CareyHenry Charles Carey1793–1879 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  48. 48Solomon SchechterSolomon Schechter1847–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  49. 49Edward S. MorseEdward S. Morse1838–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  50. 50Isaac Mayer WiseIsaac Mayer Wise1819–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  51. 51B. B. WarfieldB. B. Warfield1851–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  52. 52John R. CommonsJohn R. Commons1862–1945 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  53. 53Charles HodgeCharles Hodge1797–1878 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  54. 54James Mark BaldwinJames Mark Baldwin1861–1934 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  55. 55George Bird GrinnellGeorge Bird Grinnell1849–1938 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  56. 56Orison Swett MardenOrison Swett Marden1848–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  57. 57Francis LieberFrancis Lieber1800–1872 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  58. 58Florence BascomFlorence Bascom1862–1945 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics4 decades
  59. 59James MooneyJames Mooney1861–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  60. 60Florian CajoriFlorian Cajori1859–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  61. 61William Dwight WhitneyWilliam Dwight Whitney1827–1894 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  62. 62James Clark McReynoldsJames Clark McReynolds1862–1946 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  63. 63Edmund Beecher WilsonEdmund Beecher Wilson1856–1939 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  64. 64Orson PrattOrson Pratt1811–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  65. 65Theodore M. DavisTheodore M. Davis1838–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  66. 66Christine Ladd-FranklinChristine Ladd-Franklin1847–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  67. 67Abbott Lawrence LowellAbbott Lawrence Lowell1856–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  68. 68Theobald SmithTheobald Smith1859–1934 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  69. 69Richard T. ElyRichard T. Ely1854–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  70. 70Joseph JastrowJoseph Jastrow1863–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  71. 71Eliakim Hastings MooreEliakim Hastings Moore1862–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  72. 72Annie Smith PeckAnnie Smith Peck1850–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  73. 73Francis Amasa WalkerFrancis Amasa Walker1840–1897 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  74. 74Alice Cunningham FletcherAlice Cunningham Fletcher1838–1923 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  75. 75Zelia NuttallZelia Nuttall1857–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  76. 76Frank Nelson ColeFrank Nelson Cole1861–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  77. 77Elizabeth Cabot AgassizElizabeth Cabot Agassiz1822–1907 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  78. 78Hubert Howe BancroftHubert Howe Bancroft1832–1918 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  79. 79William Henry HolmesWilliam Henry Holmes1846–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  80. 80Frank FetterFrank Fetter1863–1949 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  81. 81Ephraim George SquierEphraim George Squier1821–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  82. 82Charles Conrad AbbottCharles Conrad Abbott1843–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics1 decades
  83. 83Luigi Palma di CesnolaLuigi Palma di Cesnola1832–1904 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  84. 84John BurgessJohn Burgess1844–1931 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  85. 85Arthur E. KennellyArthur E. Kennelly1861–1939 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  86. 86Katharine ComanKatharine Coman1857–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  87. 87Albion Woodbury SmallAlbion Woodbury Small1854–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  88. 88William Fogg OsgoodWilliam Fogg Osgood1864–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  89. 89Arnaud Henri GuyotArnaud Henri Guyot1807–1884 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  90. 90Barton W. StoneBarton W. Stone1772–1844 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  91. 91Daniel Garrison BrintonDaniel Garrison Brinton1837–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  92. 92Alice Freeman PalmerAlice Freeman Palmer1855–1902 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  93. 93Josiah C. NottJosiah C. Nott1804–1873 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  94. 94Elias LoomisElias Loomis1811–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  95. 95Adoniram Judson GordonAdoniram Judson Gordon1836–1895 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  96. 96Edwin SmithEdwin Smith1822–1906 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  97. 97Zerah ColburnZerah Colburn1804–1840 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  98. 98Alexander P. StewartAlexander P. Stewart1821–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  99. 99Richard James Horatio GottheilRichard James Horatio Gottheil1862–1936 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  100. 100Frank Hamilton CushingFrank Hamilton Cushing1857–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.