1800–1899
The 19th century
Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.
Talked about then
Whose names appeared most in Chinese books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.
In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
#PersonIn print, 1800–2019Per million words
- 1
Zhu Xi1130–1200 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers870 - 2
Li Hongzhang1823–1901 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians149 - 3
Zhang Zhidong1837–1909 · 19th century · Politicians86 - 4
Zuo Zongtang1812–1885 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians43 - 5
Ban Gu32–92 · 1st century · Writers40 - 6
Ge Hong284–364 · 4th century · Academics40 - 7CSChen Shou233–297 · 3rd century · Writers14
- 8
Mao Zedong1893–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians12 - 9
Lu Xun1881–1936 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers11
Lived then
The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.
#PersonIn print, 1800–2019Echoed
- 1
Claude Monet1840–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 2
Paul Cézanne1839–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades - 3
Paul Gauguin1848–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 4
Pierre-Auguste Renoir1841–1919 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades - 5
Eugène Delacroix1798–1863 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists20 decades - 6
Auguste Rodin1840–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 7
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec1864–1901 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades - 8
Édouard Manet1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades - 9
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres1780–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 10
Edgar Degas1834–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades - 11
Gustave Courbet1819–1877 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades - 12
Camille Pissarro1830–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 13
Berthe Morisot1841–1895 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 14
Henri Rousseau1844–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades - 15
Gustave Doré1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades - 16
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Georges Seurat1859–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades - 17
Théodore Géricault1791–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades - 18
Nadar1820–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 19
Camille Claudel1864–1943 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades - 20
Alfred Sisley1839–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades - 21
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Jean-François Millet1814–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 22
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot1796–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades - 23
Honoré Daumier1808–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 24
Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi1834–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 25
William-Adolphe Bouguereau1825–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 26
Rosa Bonheur1822–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists18 decades - 27
Paul Signac1863–1935 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 28
Gustave Caillebotte1848–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 29
Odilon Redon1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 30
Jean-Léon Gérôme1824–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 31
Gustave Moreau1826–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades - 32
Édouard-Henri Avril1849–1928 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 33
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Alexandre Cabanel1823–1889 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists6 decades - 34
Frédéric Bazille1841–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades - 35
Eugène Boudin1824–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades - 36
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James Tissot1836–1902 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 37
Aristide Maillol1861–1944 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades - 38
Paul Delaroche1797–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 39
Henri Fantin-Latour1836–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 40
Horace Vernet1789–1863 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists22 decades - 41
Anna Boch1848–1936 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 42
Julie Clary1771–1845 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 43
Antoine Bourdelle1861–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades - 44
Pierre Puvis de Chavannes1824–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades - 45
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Antoine-Jean Gros1771–1835 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades - 46
Théodore Rousseau1812–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades - 47
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Séraphine Louis1864–1942 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades - 48
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François Gérard1770–1837 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 49
Charles-François Daubigny1817–1878 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades - 50
Paul Sérusier1864–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades - 51
Léon Bonnat1833–1922 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 52
Anne-Louis Girodet1767–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades - 53
Jules Bastien-Lepage1848–1884 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 54
Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier1815–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 55
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Jules Breton1827–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades - 56
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Mathilde Bonaparte1820–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades - 57
Thomas Couture1815–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades - 58
Eugène Atget1857–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 59
Henri-Edmond Cross1856–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades - 60
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Eva Gonzalès1849–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists6 decades - 61
Jules Lefebvre1836–1911 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades - 62
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux1827–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 63
Ary Scheffer1795–1858 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 64
Théodore Chassériau1819–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 65
Marie Bracquemond1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades - 66
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Victorine Meurent1844–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades - 67
Achille Devéria1800–1857 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 68
Jules Chéret1836–1932 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 69
Carolus-Duran1837–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 70
Armand Guillaumin1841–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 71
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Jean Ignace Isidore Gérard Grandville1803–1847 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades - 72
Jean Béraud1849–1935 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 73
Jean-Paul Laurens1838–1921 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades - 74
Martin van Maële1863–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 75
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Louise Abbéma1853–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades - 76
Jean-Jacques Henner1829–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 77
Pierre-Narcisse Guérin1774–1833 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades - 78
Princess Marie of France1813–1839 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists21 decades - 79
Maximilien Luce1858–1941 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades - 80
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Charlotte Napoléone Bonaparte1802–1839 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 81
Pierre Auguste Cot1837–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 82
Pierre-Paul Émile Roux1853–1933 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades - 83
Princess Adélaïde of Orléans1777–1847 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists8 decades - 84
Antoine-Louis Barye1795–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades - 85
Émile Friant1863–1932 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades - 86
Fernand Cormon1845–1924 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades - 87
Eugène Carrière1849–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades - 88
François Rude1784–1855 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades - 89
Eugène Fromentin1820–1876 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades - 90
Sophie Gengembre Anderson1823–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 91
Marie-Guillemine Benoist1768–1826 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades - 92
David d'Angers1788–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 93
Léon Cogniet1794–1880 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades - 94
Eugène Grasset1845–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades - 95
Jean-Baptiste Debret1768–1848 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 96
Louis Majorelle1859–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades - 97
Édouard Detaille1848–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades - 98
Nasreddine Dinet1861–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 99
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Caran d'Ache1858–1909 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured— - 100
Henri Gervex1852–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
How this is measured
- Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
- Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
- Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
- What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.