Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Hebrew books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Rav AshiRav Ashi352–427 · 4th century13
  2. 2HaggaiHaggaiborn 550 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures12
  3. 3SBSimeon ben Gamliel IIborn 100 · 2nd century12
  4. 4NTNathan the Babylonianborn 101 · 2nd century11
  5. 5HabakkukHabakkuk626 BC–600 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures7.3
  6. 6Johanan ben ZakaiJohanan ben Zakai50 BC–70 · 1st millennium BC4.8
  7. 7Saadia GaonSaadia Gaon882–942 · 10th century · Academics3.7
  8. 8SBSimeon ben Zomadied 200 · 2nd century3.4
  9. 9Hai GaonHai Gaon939–1038 · 10th century · Writers2.9
  10. 10Hillel the ElderHillel the Elder50 BC–100 · 1st millennium BC2.9
  11. 11Sabbatai ZeviSabbatai Zevi1626–1676 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Religious Figures2.3
  12. 12Ahad Ha'amAhad Ha'am1856–1927 · 19th century · Writers2.2
  13. 13SISamuel ibn Naghrillah993–1055 · 11th century · Writers2.1
  14. 14Isaac AbrabanelIsaac Abrabanel1437–1508 · 15th century · Academics1.6
  15. 15JBJudah ben Samuel of Regensburg1150–1217 · 12th century · Academics1.5
  16. 16Judas MaccabeusJudas Maccabeus500 BC–160 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures1.3
  17. 17HBHanina ben Dosa40–75 · 1st century1.3
  18. 18Menasseh Ben IsraelMenasseh Ben Israel1604–1657 · 17th century · Academics1.2
  19. 19JKJoseph Kimhi1105–1170 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers1.0
  20. 20YYanaiborn 600 · 7th century · Writers0.99
  21. 21EBEliezer ben Hurcanus100–200 · 2nd century0.89
  22. 22Rabbeinu TamRabbeinu Tam1100–1171 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.83
  23. 23JosephusJosephus37–100 · 1st century · Writers0.74
  24. 24Amram GaonAmram Gaon810–875 · 9th century0.67
  25. 25Chaim Joseph David AzulaiChaim Joseph David Azulai1724–1806 · 18th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Historical Figures0.66
  26. 26EBEleazar ben Arach100–200 · 2nd century0.65
  27. 27Azariah dei RossiAzariah dei Rossi1513–1578 · 16th century · Writers0.64
  28. 28ZHZerachiah haLevi of Girona1130–1186 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.63
  29. 29Abraham bar HiyyaAbraham bar Hiyya1070–1136 · 12th century · Academics0.61
  30. 30Hasdai CrescasHasdai Crescas1340–1410 · 14th century · Academics0.59
  31. 31Joseph AlboJoseph Albo1380–1444 · 15th century · Academics0.58
  32. 32MKMoses Kimhi1127–1190 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France0.56
  33. 33Dunash ben LabratDunash ben Labrat920–990 · 10th century · Writers0.53
  34. 34JCJoseph Caspi1280–1345 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.50
  35. 35Hayyim ben Joseph VitalHayyim ben Joseph Vital1542–1620 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musicians0.50
  36. 36MYMordecai Yoffe1530–1612 · 16th century0.49
  37. 37Yehuda AlhariziYehuda Alharizi1165–1225 · 13th century · Writers0.47
  38. 38Shabbethai DonnoloShabbethai Donnoloborn 913 · 10th century · Scientists0.47
  39. 39Jacob EmdenJacob Emden1697–1776 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.37
  40. 40Eleazar ben KillirEleazar ben Killir600–700 · 7th century · Writers0.36
  41. 41Jonathan EybeschutzJonathan Eybeschutz1690–1764 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.35
  42. 42JBJedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi1270–1340 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.30
  43. 43Nathan of GazaNathan of Gaza1644–1680 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.29
  44. 44Isaac the BlindIsaac the Blind1160–1235 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.26
  45. 45Moshe AlshichMoshe Alshich1508–1593 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey0.26
  46. 46Yonah GerondiYonah Gerondi1210–1263 · 13th century · Academics0.26
  47. 47Solomon MolchoSolomon Molcho1500–1532 · 16th century · Academics0.25
  48. 48Immanuel the RomanImmanuel the Roman1260–1328 · 13th century · Writers0.25
  49. 49PDProfiat Duran1350–1415 · 14th century · Musicians0.23
  50. 50IBIsaac ben Moses Arama1420–1494 · 15th century0.22
  51. 51MBMenahem ben Aaron ibn Zerah1310–1385 · 14th century · Writers0.22
  52. 52OBObadiah ben Jacob Sforno1470–1549 · 16th century · Doctors0.22
  53. 53Joel SirkisJoel Sirkis1561–1640 · 16th century0.21
  54. 54Abraham ben Mordecai FarissolAbraham ben Mordecai Farissol1451–1525 · 15th century · Musicians0.20
  55. 55Paul the ApostlePaul the Apostle5–66 · 1st century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.19
  56. 56RRashbam1080–1158 · 12th century0.18
  57. 57Moses SoferMoses Sofer1762–1839 · 18th century0.17
  58. 58Shlomo Halevi AlkabetzShlomo Halevi Alkabetz1505–1576 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.17
  59. 59Shimon bar YochaiShimon bar Yochai100–160 · 2nd century0.16
  60. 60Baruch SpinozaBaruch Spinoza1632–1677 · 17th century · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Academics0.15
  61. 61Onias IIIOnias III300 BC–170 BC · 1st millennium BC0.14
  62. 62JIJacob ibn Habib1450–1516 · 15th century0.14
  63. 63Menaḥem ben Shelomoh MeʾiriMenaḥem ben Shelomoh Meʾiri1249–1306 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0.14
  64. 64Moses ben JoshuaMoses ben Joshua1300–1362 · 14th century · Academics0.13
  65. 65Chaim ibn AttarChaim ibn Attar1696–1743 · 18th century0.12
  66. 66JNJoseph Nasi1524–1579 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.11
  67. 67Baal Shem TovBaal Shem Tov1698–1760 · 18th century0.11
  68. 68SOShemariah of Negropont1275–1352 · 14th century · Academics0.11
  69. 69BBBahya ben Asher1255–1340 · 13th century · Writers0.11
  70. 70ABAbraham ben Samuel ibn Hasdai ha-Levi1180–1240 · 13th century · Writers0.10
  71. 71TBTobiah ben Eliezer1080–1150 · 12th century · Actors0.10
  72. 72IAIsaac Albalag1300–1300 · 14th century · Academics0.09
  73. 73Joseph ibn TzaddikJoseph ibn Tzaddik1075–1149 · 12th century · Academics0.09
  74. 74Moses ben Jacob CordoveroMoses ben Jacob Cordovero1522–1570 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Actors0.08
  75. 75Eliezer ben NathanEliezer ben Nathan1090–1170 · 12th century · Writers0.08
  76. 76Herod ArchelausHerod Archelaus23 BC–18 · 1st century · Models0.07
  77. 77ADAbraham de Balmes1440–1523 · 15th century · Doctors0.07
  78. 78Mendele Mocher SforimMendele Mocher Sforim1835–1917 · 19th century · Writers0.07
  79. 79IIIsaac ibn Ezra1114–1158 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.06
  80. 80Jacob ben AsherJacob ben Asher1269–1343 · 14th century · Writers0.05
  81. 81Tzvi AshkenaziTzvi Ashkenazi1660–1718 · 17th century0.05
  82. 82Ben SiraBen Sira300 BC–150 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers0.05
  83. 83CBChananel ben Chushiel990–1053 · 11th century · Actors0.05
  84. 84Shneur Zalman of LiadiShneur Zalman of Liadi1745–1812 · 18th century · Academics0.05
  85. 85Benjamin of TudelaBenjamin of Tudela1130–1174 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.04
  86. 86LBLevi ben Abraham ben Hayyimborn 1245 · 13th century · Writers0.04
  87. 87Joseph ben Judah ibn AkninJoseph ben Judah ibn Aknin1150–1266 · 12th century · Academics0.03
  88. 88Daniel BombergDaniel Bomberg1483–1549 · 16th century0.03
  89. 89BHBerechiah ha-Nakdan1200–1300 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.03
  90. 90Shalom ShabaziShalom Shabazi1619–1719 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  91. 91NBNissim ben Jacob990–1062 · 11th century · Writers0.03
  92. 92YBYefet ben Ali950–1010 · 10th century · Actors0.03
  93. 93IBIsrael ben Moses Najara1555–1628 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  94. 94Menahem RecanatiMenahem Recanati1250–1310 · 13th century · Musicians0.03
  95. 95Elia del MedigoElia del Medigo1458–1497 · 15th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Academics0.03
  96. 96ISIbn Shaprutborn 1400 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Actors0.03
  97. 97Judah ben David HayyujJudah ben David Hayyuj945–1000 · 10th century · Writers0.02
  98. 98IBIsaac ben Moses of Vienna1180–1250 · 13th century · Writers0.02
  99. 99Ishtori HaparchiIshtori Haparchi1280–1337 · 14th century · Scientists0.02
  100. 100Nachman of BreslovNachman of Breslov1772–1810 · 19th century0.02

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Henri BergsonHenri Bergson1859–1941 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics12 decades
  2. 2Émile DurkheimÉmile Durkheim1858–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics11 decades
  3. 3Thérèse of LisieuxThérèse of Lisieux1873–1897 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics10 decades
  4. 4Henri PoincaréHenri Poincaré1854–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  5. 5Auguste ComteAuguste Comte1798–1857 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics22 decades
  6. 6Jean-François ChampollionJean-François Champollion1790–1832 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics6 decades
  7. 7Évariste GaloisÉvariste Galois1811–1832 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics6 decades
  8. 8Joseph FourierJoseph Fourier1768–1830 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics11 decades
  9. 9Ernest RenanErnest Renan1823–1892 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics17 decades
  10. 10Gustave Le BonGustave Le Bon1841–1931 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics15 decades
  11. 11Sophie GermainSophie Germain1776–1831 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics18 decades
  12. 12Vilfredo ParetoVilfredo Pareto1848–1923 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  13. 13Charles FourierCharles Fourier1772–1837 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics19 decades
  14. 14François AragoFrançois Arago1786–1853 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics18 decades
  15. 15Augustin-Louis CauchyAugustin-Louis Cauchy1789–1857 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  16. 16Frédéric BastiatFrédéric Bastiat1801–1850 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics18 decades
  17. 17Allan KardecAllan Kardec1804–1869 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics16 decades
  18. 18Louis Auguste BlanquiLouis Auguste Blanqui1805–1881 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics19 decades
  19. 19Georges SorelGeorges Sorel1847–1922 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics12 decades
  20. 20Henri FayolHenri Fayol1841–1925 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics11 decades
  21. 21Jean-Baptiste SayJean-Baptiste Say1767–1832 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics21 decades
  22. 22Léon WalrasLéon Walras1834–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics16 decades
  23. 23Alphonse BertillonAlphonse Bertillon1853–1914 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics11 decades
  24. 24Charles HermiteCharles Hermite1822–1901 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics7 decades
  25. 25Émile CouéÉmile Coué1857–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics1 decades
  26. 26Paul PainlevéPaul Painlevé1863–1933 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  27. 27Gaspard-Gustave de CoriolisGaspard-Gustave de Coriolis1792–1843 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  28. 28Joseph LiouvilleJoseph Liouville1809–1882 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  29. 29Camille JordanCamille Jordan1838–1922 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics19 decades
  30. 30Pierre JanetPierre Janet1859–1947 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics14 decades
  31. 31Gabriel TardeGabriel Tarde1843–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics14 decades
  32. 32Frédéric PassyFrédéric Passy1822–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics17 decades
  33. 33Lucien Lévy-BruhlLucien Lévy-Bruhl1857–1939 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics9 decades
  34. 34Gaston MasperoGaston Maspero1846–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics12 decades
  35. 35Auguste MarietteAuguste Mariette1821–1881 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics11 decades
  36. 36Charles Émile PicardCharles Émile Picard1856–1941 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics9 decades
  37. 37Victor CousinVictor Cousin1792–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics20 decades
  38. 38Étienne CabetÉtienne Cabet1788–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics3 decades
  39. 39Józef Maria Hoene-WrońskiJózef Maria Hoene-Wroński1776–1853 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  40. 40Jean Charles Léonard de SismondiJean Charles Léonard de Sismondi1773–1842 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  41. 41Michel ChaslesMichel Chasles1793–1880 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics15 decades
  42. 42Maurice BlondelMaurice Blondel1861–1949 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  43. 43Antoine Augustin CournotAntoine Augustin Cournot1801–1877 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  44. 44Michel BréalMichel Bréal1832–1915 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics16 decades
  45. 45Jean Gaston DarbouxJean Gaston Darboux1842–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics10 decades
  46. 46Édouard LucasÉdouard Lucas1842–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics2 decades
  47. 47Pierre Guillaume Frédéric le PlayPierre Guillaume Frédéric le Play1806–1882 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics14 decades
  48. 48Émile LittréÉmile Littré1801–1881 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics7 decades
  49. 49Jean-Victor PonceletJean-Victor Poncelet1788–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  50. 50Alfred LoisyAlfred Loisy1857–1940 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics12 decades
  51. 51Pierre LaroussePierre Larousse1817–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics16 decades
  52. 52Charles LavigerieCharles Lavigerie1825–1892 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics2 decades
  53. 53Gabriel LaméGabriel Lamé1795–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  54. 54Pierre LerouxPierre Leroux1797–1871 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics22 decades
  55. 55Théodule-Armand RibotThéodule-Armand Ribot1839–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  56. 56Étienne-Louis MalusÉtienne-Louis Malus1775–1812 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  57. 57Charles Bernard RenouvierCharles Bernard Renouvier1815–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  58. 58Jules Barthélemy-Saint-HilaireJules Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire1805–1895 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  59. 59Émile BoutrouxÉmile Boutroux1845–1921 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics10 decades
  60. 60Georges Vacher de LapougeGeorges Vacher de Lapouge1854–1936 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  61. 61François MagendieFrançois Magendie1783–1855 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics4 decades
  62. 62Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de PerthesJacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes1788–1868 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics2 decades
  63. 63Charles-Édouard Brown-SéquardCharles-Édouard Brown-Séquard1817–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  64. 64Joseph BertrandJoseph Bertrand1822–1900 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics19 decades
  65. 65Jacques de MorganJacques de Morgan1857–1924 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics14 decades
  66. 66Jane DieulafoyJane Dieulafoy1851–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  67. 67Thomas Joannes StieltjesThomas Joannes Stieltjes1856–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  68. 68Jean-Jacques AmpèreJean-Jacques Ampère1800–1864 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics16 decades
  69. 69Louis BillotLouis Billot1846–1931 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  70. 70Édouard SchuréÉdouard Schuré1841–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  71. 71Charles GideCharles Gide1847–1932 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  72. 72Julie-Victoire DaubiéJulie-Victoire Daubié1824–1874 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  73. 73Félix Ravaisson-MollienFélix Ravaisson-Mollien1813–1900 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  74. 74Léon DuguitLéon Duguit1859–1928 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  75. 75Achille ValenciennesAchille Valenciennes1794–1865 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  76. 76Victor BaschVictor Basch1863–1944 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  77. 77Barthélemy-Prosper EnfantinBarthélemy-Prosper Enfantin1796–1864 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  78. 78Antonin SertillangesAntonin Sertillanges1863–1948 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  79. 79Paul AppellPaul Appell1855–1930 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics13 decades
  80. 80Jacques Philippe Marie BinetJacques Philippe Marie Binet1786–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  81. 81Michel ChevalierMichel Chevalier1806–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  82. 82Henri Milne-EdwardsHenri Milne-Edwards1800–1885 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics3 decades
  83. 83Louis PoinsotLouis Poinsot1777–1859 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  84. 84Jacques-Joseph ChampollionJacques-Joseph Champollion1778–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  85. 85Jean-Pierre Abel-RémusatJean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat1788–1832 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  86. 86Victor Prosper ConsiderantVictor Prosper Considerant1808–1893 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  87. 87Paul JanetPaul Janet1823–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  88. 88Joseph Valentin BoussinesqJoseph Valentin Boussinesq1842–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics1 decades
  89. 89Paul GervaisPaul Gervais1816–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics14 decades
  90. 90Pierre Alphonse LaurentPierre Alphonse Laurent1813–1854 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  91. 91Paul-Émile BottaPaul-Émile Botta1802–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  92. 92Nicolas Théodore de SaussureNicolas Théodore de Saussure1767–1845 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0 decades
  93. 93Émile Étienne GuimetÉmile Étienne Guimet1836–1918 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  94. 94PWPierre Wantzel1814–1848 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  95. 95Charles DupinCharles Dupin1784–1873 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics21 decades
  96. 96Alexandre Saint-Yves d'AlveydreAlexandre Saint-Yves d'Alveydre1842–1909 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  97. 97Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-VenantAdhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant1797–1886 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  98. 98Alphonse PénaudAlphonse Pénaud1850–1880 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—
  99. 99Clémence RoyerClémence Royer1830–1902 · 🇫🇷 France · Academics15 decades
  100. 100PFPierre Frédéric Sarrus1798–1861 · 🇫🇷 France · Academicsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.