Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in German books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Frederick William, Prince of Hohenzollern-HechingenFrederick William, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen1663–1735 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures8.4
  2. 2Frederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-SchwedtFrederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt1700–1771 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany8.4
  3. 3Frederick William, Elector of BrandenburgFrederick William, Elector of Brandenburg1620–1688 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures8.4
  4. 4Frederick William of Saxe-MeiningenFrederick William of Saxe-Meiningen1679–1746 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures8.4
  5. 5Friedrich II, Grand Duke of BadenFriedrich II, Grand Duke of Baden1857–1928 · 19th century · Historical Figures4.0
  6. 6Maria TheresaMaria Theresa1717–1780 · 18th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures3.8
  7. 7Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgFrederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg1633–1708 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany3.8
  8. 8Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgFrederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg1676–1732 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians3.8
  9. 9Frederick II, Elector PalatineFrederick II, Elector Palatine1482–1556 · 16th century3.8
  10. 10Frederick II, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgFrederick II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg1418–1478 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures3.8
  11. 11Frederick II of LegnicaFrederick II of Legnica1480–1547 · 16th century3.8
  12. 12John Frederick, Count Palatine of Sulzbach-HilpoltsteinJohn Frederick, Count Palatine of Sulzbach-Hilpoltstein1587–1644 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany2.9
  13. 13John Frederick, Duke of PomeraniaJohn Frederick, Duke of Pomerania1542–1600 · 16th century · Religious Figures2.9
  14. 14John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-AnsbachJohn Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach1654–1686 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models2.9
  15. 15John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgJohn Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg1625–1679 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.9
  16. 16John Frederick, Prince of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtJohn Frederick, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt1721–1767 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.9
  17. 17John Frederick, Duke of WürttembergJohn Frederick, Duke of Württemberg1582–1628 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.9
  18. 18John George, Elector of BrandenburgJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg1525–1598 · 16th century · Religious Figures2.7
  19. 19Johann Georg, Duke of Saxe-WeissenfelsJohann Georg, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels1677–1712 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.7
  20. 20HIHenry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen1460–1526 · 15th century · Historical Figures2.5
  21. 21Henry IV, Duke of MecklenburgHenry IV, Duke of Mecklenburg1417–1477 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany2.5
  22. 22HIHenry IV, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg1397–1427 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures2.5
  23. 23Franz I, Prince of LiechtensteinFranz I, Prince of Liechtenstein1853–1938 · 19th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians1.9
  24. 24Jean PaulJean Paul1763–1825 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers1.8
  25. 25Frederick Augustus, Duke of Württemberg-NeuenstadtFrederick Augustus, Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt1654–1716 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.8
  26. 26Frederick Augustus, Prince of Anhalt-ZerbstFrederick Augustus, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst1734–1793 · 18th century · Historical Figures1.8
  27. 27Frederick Augustus, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-OelsFrederick Augustus, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Oels1740–1805 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.8
  28. 28Frederick August I, Duke of OldenburgFrederick August I, Duke of Oldenburg1711–1785 · 18th century · Models1.8
  29. 29Duke Friedrich I, Duke of AnhaltDuke Friedrich I, Duke of Anhalt1831–1904 · 19th century · Historical Figures1.7
  30. 30Friedrich I, Grand Duke of BadenFriedrich I, Grand Duke of Baden1826–1907 · 19th century · Historical Figures1.7
  31. 31Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgHenry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg1489–1568 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.6
  32. 32Henry II, Duke of BavariaHenry II, Duke of Bavaria951–995 · 10th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.6
  33. 33HIHenry II of Augsburg1001–1063 · 11th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Religious Figures1.6
  34. 34HIHenry II, Count of Gorizia1150–1150 · 12th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.6
  35. 35Henry II, Count of Reuss-GeraHenry II, Count of Reuss-Gera1572–1635 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.6
  36. 36HIHenry II, Lord of Mecklenburg1262–1329 · 13th century · Historical Figures1.6
  37. 37HIHenry II, Margrave of Meissen1103–1123 · 12th century · Models1.6
  38. 38HIHenry II, Duke of Limburg1110–1167 · 12th century · Historical Figures1.6
  39. 39Henry II, Landgrave of HesseHenry II, Landgrave of Hesse1299–1376 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.6
  40. 40Frederick I, Count Palatine of SimmernFrederick I, Count Palatine of Simmern1417–1480 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.5
  41. 41Frederick IFrederick I1425–1476 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians1.5
  42. 42Frederick I of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgFrederick I of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg1646–1691 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.5
  43. 43Frederick I of PrussiaFrederick I of Prussia1657–1713 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians1.5
  44. 44Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgFrederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg1585–1638 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.5
  45. 45Frederick I of LiegnitzFrederick I of Liegnitz1446–1488 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.5
  46. 46Frederick I, Elector of BrandenburgFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg1371–1440 · 15th century1.5
  47. 47Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelFrederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel1357–1400 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.5
  48. 48Frederick III, German EmperorFrederick III, German Emperor1831–1888 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians1.5
  49. 49Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of OldenburgFrederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg1852–1931 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.5
  50. 50HIHenry III, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen1416–1464 · 15th century1.4
  51. 51Henry IIIHenry III1215–1288 · 13th century · Writers1.4
  52. 52HIHenry III, Duke of Mecklenburg1337–1383 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.4
  53. 53Henry III, Count of SaynHenry III, Count of Sayn1193–1247 · 13th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.4
  54. 54Henry III, Duke of LimburgHenry III, Duke of Limburg1167–1221 · 13th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.4
  55. 55HIHenry III, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben1300–1307 · 14th century · Religious Figures1.4
  56. 56Henry III, Landgrave of Upper HesseHenry III, Landgrave of Upper Hesse1440–1483 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models1.4
  57. 57Henry III of Nassau-BredaHenry III of Nassau-Breda1483–1538 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.4
  58. 58HIHenry III, Duke of Bavaria940–989 · 10th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.4
  59. 59WIWilliam III, Count of Weimar1000–1039 · 11th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.4
  60. 60William IIIWilliam III1425–1482 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.4
  61. 61William III, Landgrave of HesseWilliam III, Landgrave of Hesse1471–1500 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.4
  62. 62ParacelsusParacelsus1493–1541 · 16th century · 🇨🇭 Switzerland · Doctors1.4
  63. 63Joseph II, Holy Roman EmperorJoseph II, Holy Roman Emperor1741–1790 · 18th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures1.3
  64. 64Charles IV, Holy Roman EmperorCharles IV, Holy Roman Emperor1316–1378 · 14th century · Historical Figures1.3
  65. 65Frederick III of LegnicaFrederick III of Legnica1520–1570 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.3
  66. 66Frederick III of the PalatinateFrederick III of the Palatinate1515–1576 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models1.3
  67. 67Frederick III, Prince of Salm-KyrburgFrederick III, Prince of Salm-Kyrburg1744–1794 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.3
  68. 68Frederick III, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgFrederick III, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg1673–1746 · 18th century · Politicians1.3
  69. 69Frederick III, Margrave of BadenFrederick III, Margrave of Baden1327–1353 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models1.3
  70. 70Frederick III, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-GottorpFrederick III, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp1597–1659 · 17th century · Historical Figures1.3
  71. 71Friedrich III, Margrave of Brandenburg-BayreuthFriedrich III, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth1711–1763 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models1.3
  72. 72Frederick III, Burgrave of NurembergFrederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg1220–1297 · 13th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.3
  73. 73Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgFrederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg1699–1772 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.3
  74. 74Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-GüstrowGustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow1633–1695 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers1.2
  75. 75Philip II, Margrave of Baden-BadenPhilip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden1559–1588 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Models1.2
  76. 76PIPhilip II, Count of Waldeck1453–1524 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.2
  77. 77Philip II, Count of Schaumburg-LippePhilip II, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe1723–1787 · 18th century · Historical Figures1.2
  78. 78Philip II, Duke of PomeraniaPhilip II, Duke of Pomerania1573–1618 · 17th century · Historical Figures1.2
  79. 79PIPhilip II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg1501–1529 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.2
  80. 80PIPhilip II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen1533–1596 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.2
  81. 81PIPhilip II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg1462–1504 · 15th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.2
  82. 82William the SilentWilliam the Silent1533–1584 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians1.1
  83. 83William I, German EmperorWilliam I, German Emperor1797–1888 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.1
  84. 84William IWilliam I1343–1407 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.1
  85. 85William I, Elector of HesseWilliam I, Elector of Hesse1743–1821 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.1
  86. 86WIWilliam I of Weimar900–963 · 10th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.1
  87. 87William, Landgrave of Hesse-RotenburgWilliam, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg1648–1725 · 17th century · 🇩🇪 Germany1.1
  88. 88William I, Count of Nassau-SiegenWilliam I, Count of Nassau-Siegen1487–1559 · 16th century1.1
  89. 89Wilhelm I of WürttembergWilhelm I of Württemberg1781–1864 · 19th century · Historical Figures1.1
  90. 90William I, Duke of BavariaWilliam I, Duke of Bavaria1330–1389 · 14th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Politicians1.1
  91. 91Carl Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachCarl Friedrich I, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach1783–1853 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.0
  92. 92Karl Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-BernburgKarl Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg1668–1721 · 18th century · Historical Figures1.0
  93. 93Charles Frederick, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenCharles Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen1712–1743 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.0
  94. 94Ferdinand I of RomaniaFerdinand I of Romania1865–1927 · 20th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures1.0
  95. 95Ferdinand II of PortugalFerdinand II of Portugal1816–1885 · 19th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures1.0
  96. 96Ferdinand II, Holy Roman EmperorFerdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor1578–1637 · 17th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures1.0
  97. 97Ferdinand II, Archduke of AustriaFerdinand II, Archduke of Austria1529–1595 · 16th century · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures1.0
  98. 98Hans SachsHans Sachs1494–1576 · 16th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Writers0.99
  99. 99Wilhelm II, German EmperorWilhelm II, German Emperor1859–1941 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0.99
  100. 100Wilhelm II of WürttembergWilhelm II of Württemberg1848–1921 · 19th century · 🇩🇪 Germany · Historical Figures0.95

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Ralph Waldo EmersonRalph Waldo Emerson1803–1882 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  2. 2Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie1835–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  3. 3John DeweyJohn Dewey1859–1952 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  4. 4William JamesWilliam James1842–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  5. 5Brigham YoungBrigham Young1801–1877 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  6. 6Charles Sanders PeirceCharles Sanders Peirce1839–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics9 decades
  7. 7Jane AddamsJane Addams1860–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  8. 8Franz BoasFranz Boas1858–1942 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  9. 9Thorstein VeblenThorstein Veblen1857–1929 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics11 decades
  10. 10Henry GeorgeHenry George1839–1897 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  11. 11Oliver Wendell HolmesOliver Wendell Holmes1841–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  12. 12George Herbert MeadGeorge Herbert Mead1863–1931 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  13. 13Friedrich ListFriedrich List1789–1846 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  14. 14Lewis H. MorganLewis H. Morgan1818–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics15 decades
  15. 15Joshua Lawrence ChamberlainJoshua Lawrence Chamberlain1828–1914 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  16. 16William MillerWilliam Miller1782–1849 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics22 decades
  17. 17Othniel Charles MarshOthniel Charles Marsh1831–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  18. 18Dwight Lyman MoodyDwight Lyman Moody1837–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  19. 19G. Stanley HallG. Stanley Hall1844–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  20. 20Nicholas Murray ButlerNicholas Murray Butler1862–1947 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  21. 21Charles CooleyCharles Cooley1864–1929 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  22. 22Hugo MünsterbergHugo Münsterberg1863–1916 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics3 decades
  23. 23Josiah RoyceJosiah Royce1855–1916 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics14 decades
  24. 24Theodore ParkerTheodore Parker1810–1860 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics18 decades
  25. 25William Graham SumnerWilliam Graham Sumner1840–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics11 decades
  26. 26John William DraperJohn William Draper1811–1882 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  27. 27Cyrus Ingerson ScofieldCyrus Ingerson Scofield1843–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  28. 28Adoniram JudsonAdoniram Judson1788–1850 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  29. 29Ernest FenollosaErnest Fenollosa1853–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  30. 30James McKeen CattellJames McKeen Cattell1860–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  31. 31Robert Ezra ParkRobert Ezra Park1864–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  32. 32Benjamin PeirceBenjamin Peirce1809–1880 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics19 decades
  33. 33Charles William EliotCharles William Eliot1834–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  34. 34Mary Whiton CalkinsMary Whiton Calkins1863–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics2 decades
  35. 35John Bates ClarkJohn Bates Clark1847–1938 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics12 decades
  36. 36Daniel Harvey HillDaniel Harvey Hill1821–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  37. 37Felix AdlerFelix Adler1851–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics15 decades
  38. 38Nathaniel BowditchNathaniel Bowditch1773–1838 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  39. 39Florence KelleyFlorence Kelley1859–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  40. 40Henry SchoolcraftHenry Schoolcraft1793–1864 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics1 decades
  41. 41Joseph LeidyJoseph Leidy1823–1891 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics13 decades
  42. 42Clement Clarke MooreClement Clarke Moore1779–1863 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  43. 43Spencer Fullerton BairdSpencer Fullerton Baird1823–1887 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics3 decades
  44. 44Samuel George MortonSamuel George Morton1799–1851 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  45. 45William Walker AtkinsonWilliam Walker Atkinson1862–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  46. 46Alexander Emanuel AgassizAlexander Emanuel Agassiz1835–1910 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  47. 47Henry Charles CareyHenry Charles Carey1793–1879 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics0 decades
  48. 48Solomon SchechterSolomon Schechter1847–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  49. 49Edward S. MorseEdward S. Morse1838–1925 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  50. 50Isaac Mayer WiseIsaac Mayer Wise1819–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  51. 51B. B. WarfieldB. B. Warfield1851–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  52. 52John R. CommonsJohn R. Commons1862–1945 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  53. 53Charles HodgeCharles Hodge1797–1878 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  54. 54James Mark BaldwinJames Mark Baldwin1861–1934 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  55. 55George Bird GrinnellGeorge Bird Grinnell1849–1938 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  56. 56Orison Swett MardenOrison Swett Marden1848–1924 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  57. 57Francis LieberFrancis Lieber1800–1872 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  58. 58Florence BascomFlorence Bascom1862–1945 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics4 decades
  59. 59James MooneyJames Mooney1861–1921 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  60. 60Florian CajoriFlorian Cajori1859–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics6 decades
  61. 61William Dwight WhitneyWilliam Dwight Whitney1827–1894 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics7 decades
  62. 62James Clark McReynoldsJames Clark McReynolds1862–1946 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  63. 63Edmund Beecher WilsonEdmund Beecher Wilson1856–1939 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  64. 64Orson PrattOrson Pratt1811–1881 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  65. 65Theodore M. DavisTheodore M. Davis1838–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  66. 66Christine Ladd-FranklinChristine Ladd-Franklin1847–1930 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  67. 67Abbott Lawrence LowellAbbott Lawrence Lowell1856–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  68. 68Theobald SmithTheobald Smith1859–1934 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  69. 69Richard T. ElyRichard T. Ely1854–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  70. 70Joseph JastrowJoseph Jastrow1863–1944 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  71. 71Eliakim Hastings MooreEliakim Hastings Moore1862–1932 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  72. 72Annie Smith PeckAnnie Smith Peck1850–1935 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  73. 73Francis Amasa WalkerFrancis Amasa Walker1840–1897 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  74. 74Alice Cunningham FletcherAlice Cunningham Fletcher1838–1923 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  75. 75Zelia NuttallZelia Nuttall1857–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  76. 76Frank Nelson ColeFrank Nelson Cole1861–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  77. 77Elizabeth Cabot AgassizElizabeth Cabot Agassiz1822–1907 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  78. 78Hubert Howe BancroftHubert Howe Bancroft1832–1918 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  79. 79William Henry HolmesWilliam Henry Holmes1846–1933 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  80. 80Frank FetterFrank Fetter1863–1949 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  81. 81Ephraim George SquierEphraim George Squier1821–1888 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  82. 82Charles Conrad AbbottCharles Conrad Abbott1843–1919 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academics1 decades
  83. 83Luigi Palma di CesnolaLuigi Palma di Cesnola1832–1904 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  84. 84John BurgessJohn Burgess1844–1931 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  85. 85Arthur E. KennellyArthur E. Kennelly1861–1939 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  86. 86Katharine ComanKatharine Coman1857–1915 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  87. 87Albion Woodbury SmallAlbion Woodbury Small1854–1926 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  88. 88William Fogg OsgoodWilliam Fogg Osgood1864–1943 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  89. 89Arnaud Henri GuyotArnaud Henri Guyot1807–1884 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  90. 90Barton W. StoneBarton W. Stone1772–1844 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  91. 91Daniel Garrison BrintonDaniel Garrison Brinton1837–1899 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  92. 92Alice Freeman PalmerAlice Freeman Palmer1855–1902 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  93. 93Josiah C. NottJosiah C. Nott1804–1873 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  94. 94Elias LoomisElias Loomis1811–1889 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  95. 95Adoniram Judson GordonAdoniram Judson Gordon1836–1895 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  96. 96Edwin SmithEdwin Smith1822–1906 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  97. 97Zerah ColburnZerah Colburn1804–1840 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  98. 98Alexander P. StewartAlexander P. Stewart1821–1908 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  99. 99Richard James Horatio GottheilRichard James Horatio Gottheil1862–1936 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—
  100. 100Frank Hamilton CushingFrank Hamilton Cushing1857–1900 · 🇺🇸 United States · Academicsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.