Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Chinese books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Zhu XiZhu Xi1130–1200 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers870
  2. 2Li HongzhangLi Hongzhang1823–1901 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians149
  3. 3Zhang ZhidongZhang Zhidong1837–1909 · 19th century · Politicians86
  4. 4Zuo ZongtangZuo Zongtang1812–1885 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians43
  5. 5Ban GuBan Gu32–92 · 1st century · Writers40
  6. 6Ge HongGe Hong284–364 · 4th century · Academics40
  7. 7CSChen Shou233–297 · 3rd century · Writers14
  8. 8Mao ZedongMao Zedong1893–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians12
  9. 9Lu XunLu Xun1881–1936 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers11

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Sigmund FreudSigmund Freud1856–1939 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers12 decades
  2. 2Franz SchubertFranz Schubert1797–1828 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians22 decades
  3. 3Franz Joseph I of AustriaFranz Joseph I of Austria1830–1916 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures18 decades
  4. 4Gustav KlimtGustav Klimt1862–1918 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists12 decades
  5. 5Franz LisztFranz Liszt1811–1886 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians19 decades
  6. 6Archduke Franz Ferdinand of AustriaArchduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria1863–1914 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  7. 7Johann Strauss IIJohann Strauss II1825–1899 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians16 decades
  8. 8Maximilian I of MexicoMaximilian I of Mexico1832–1867 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians19 decades
  9. 9Arthur SchnitzlerArthur Schnitzler1862–1931 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers14 decades
  10. 10Anton BrucknerAnton Bruckner1824–1896 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians14 decades
  11. 11Marie Louise, Duchess of ParmaMarie Louise, Duchess of Parma1791–1847 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures18 decades
  12. 12Ferdinand I of AustriaFerdinand I of Austria1793–1875 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  13. 13Ludwig BoltzmannLudwig Boltzmann1844–1906 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists15 decades
  14. 14Alois HitlerAlois Hitler1837–1903 · 🇦🇹 Austria8 decades
  15. 15Rudolf, Crown Prince of AustriaRudolf, Crown Prince of Austria1858–1889 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians0 decades
  16. 16Johann Strauss IJohann Strauss I1804–1849 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musiciansnot measured—
  17. 17Otto of GreeceOtto of Greece1815–1867 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures0 decades
  18. 18Klara HitlerKlara Hitler1860–1907 · 🇦🇹 Austria1 decades
  19. 19Ferdinand I of BulgariaFerdinand I of Bulgaria1861–1948 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists0 decades
  20. 20Carl CzernyCarl Czerny1791–1857 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians15 decades
  21. 21Archduke Franz Karl of AustriaArchduke Franz Karl of Austria1802–1878 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures0 decades
  22. 22Archduke Karl Ludwig of AustriaArchduke Karl Ludwig of Austria1833–1896 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians16 decades
  23. 23Franz Conrad von HötzendorfFranz Conrad von Hötzendorf1852–1925 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures5 decades
  24. 24Ferdinand II of PortugalFerdinand II of Portugal1816–1885 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures21 decades
  25. 25Archduchess Gisela of AustriaArchduchess Gisela of Austria1856–1932 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures0 decades
  26. 26Otto WagnerOtto Wagner1841–1918 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Architects15 decades
  27. 27Carl MengerCarl Menger1840–1921 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academics14 decades
  28. 28Christian DopplerChristian Doppler1803–1853 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academics8 decades
  29. 29Franz Xaver Wolfgang MozartFranz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart1791–1844 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians2 decades
  30. 30Franz GrillparzerFranz Grillparzer1791–1872 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers20 decades
  31. 31Baroness Mary VetseraBaroness Mary Vetsera1871–1889 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures9 decades
  32. 32Karl LuegerKarl Lueger1844–1910 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians13 decades
  33. 33Archduke Ludwig Viktor of AustriaArchduke Ludwig Viktor of Austria1842–1919 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  34. 34FXFranz Xaver Süssmayr1766–1803 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians3 decades
  35. 35Archduchess Sophie of AustriaArchduchess Sophie of Austria1855–1857 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figures0 decades
  36. 36István SzéchenyiIstván Széchenyi1791–1860 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers0 decades
  37. 37Franz I, Prince of LiechtensteinFranz I, Prince of Liechtenstein1853–1938 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians17 decades
  38. 38Božena NěmcováBožena Němcová1820–1862 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers0 decades
  39. 39Eduard von Böhm-ErmolliEduard von Böhm-Ermolli1856–1941 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians0 decades
  40. 40Oskar PotiorekOskar Potiorek1853–1933 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians0 decades
  41. 41Georg Ritter von SchönererGeorg Ritter von Schönerer1842–1921 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians9 decades
  42. 42Svetozar BoroevićSvetozar Boroević1856–1920 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academicsnot measured—
  43. 43Josef StraussJosef Strauss1827–1870 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians0 decades
  44. 44Peter AltenbergPeter Altenberg1859–1919 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers13 decades
  45. 45Julius Wagner-JaureggJulius Wagner-Jauregg1857–1940 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Doctors2 decades
  46. 46Archduchess Mathilda of AustriaArchduchess Mathilda of Austria1849–1867 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Historical Figuresnot measured—
  47. 47Ludwig von KöchelLudwig von Köchel1800–1877 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians0 decades
  48. 48Georg LugerGeorg Luger1849–1923 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists0 decades
  49. 49Archduke Eugen of AustriaArchduke Eugen of Austria1863–1954 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  50. 50Carl Auer von WelsbachCarl Auer von Welsbach1858–1929 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists0 decades
  51. 51Josef StefanJosef Stefan1835–1893 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists4 decades
  52. 52Prince August, 3rd Prince of KoháryPrince August, 3rd Prince of Koháry1818–1881 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians7 decades
  53. 53Katharina SchrattKatharina Schratt1853–1940 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Actorsnot measured—
  54. 54Leopold BerchtoldLeopold Berchtold1863–1942 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians4 decades
  55. 55Felix WeingartnerFelix Weingartner1863–1942 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians14 decades
  56. 56Michael HainischMichael Hainisch1858–1940 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politicians11 decades
  57. 57Peter FendiPeter Fendi1796–1842 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists7 decades
  58. 58Alexius MeinongAlexius Meinong1853–1920 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academics7 decades
  59. 59Daniel SwarovskiDaniel Swarovski1862–1956 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists0 decades
  60. 60Hermann BahrHermann Bahr1863–1934 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers14 decades
  61. 61Franz Xaver GruberFranz Xaver Gruber1787–1863 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians5 decades
  62. 62Ferdinand RaimundFerdinand Raimund1790–1836 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers19 decades
  63. 63Joseph LannerJoseph Lanner1801–1843 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians5 decades
  64. 64Arthur Arz von StraußenburgArthur Arz von Straußenburg1857–1935 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  65. 65Nathan BirnbaumNathan Birnbaum1864–1937 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Journalistsnot measured—
  66. 66Alfred Hermann FriedAlfred Hermann Fried1864–1921 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Journalists3 decades
  67. 67Carl Michael ZiehrerCarl Michael Ziehrer1843–1922 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musiciansnot measured—
  68. 68Pauline von MetternichPauline von Metternich1836–1921 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artistsnot measured—
  69. 69Archduke Leopold Salvator of AustriaArchduke Leopold Salvator of Austria1863–1931 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  70. 70Robert FuchsRobert Fuchs1847–1927 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians13 decades
  71. 71Paja JovanovićPaja Jovanović1859–1957 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artistsnot measured—
  72. 72Heinrich LammaschHeinrich Lammasch1853–1920 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academicsnot measured—
  73. 73Friedrich von WieserFriedrich von Wieser1851–1926 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academics8 decades
  74. 74Marianne HainischMarianne Hainisch1839–1936 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers5 decades
  75. 75Hermann Kövess von KövessházaHermann Kövess von Kövessháza1854–1924 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  76. 76Johann PalisaJohann Palisa1848–1925 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientists0 decades
  77. 77Amalia FreudAmalia Freud1835–1930 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  78. 78CVChristian von Ehrenfels1859–1932 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academicsnot measured—
  79. 79Carl MollCarl Moll1861–1945 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artistsnot measured—
  80. 80Franz DefreggerFranz Defregger1835–1921 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artists6 decades
  81. 81Hanns HörbigerHanns Hörbiger1860–1931 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writersnot measured—
  82. 82Eugen EhrlichEugen Ehrlich1862–1922 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academicsnot measured—
  83. 83Viktor Dankl von KrasnikViktor Dankl von Krasnik1854–1941 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  84. 84Stjepan SarkotićStjepan Sarkotić1858–1939 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  85. 85Carl ZellerCarl Zeller1842–1898 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians3 decades
  86. 86Anna NahowskiAnna Nahowski1859–1931 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  87. 87Emil von ReznicekEmil von Reznicek1860–1945 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musiciansnot measured—
  88. 88Adolf Hirémy-HirschlAdolf Hirémy-Hirschl1860–1933 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Artistsnot measured—
  89. 89Alexander von KrobatinAlexander von Krobatin1849–1933 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Educatorsnot measured—
  90. 90Hermann Kusmanek von BurgneustädtenHermann Kusmanek von Burgneustädten1860–1934 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  91. 91Wilhelm KienzlWilhelm Kienzl1857–1941 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians12 decades
  92. 92Ferdinand Ritter von HebraFerdinand Ritter von Hebra1816–1880 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Doctorsnot measured—
  93. 93Berta Zuckerkandl-SzepsBerta Zuckerkandl-Szeps1864–1945 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Journalistsnot measured—
  94. 94Georg Alexander PickGeorg Alexander Pick1859–1942 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academics4 decades
  95. 95Ernest von KoerberErnest von Koerber1850–1919 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Politiciansnot measured—
  96. 96Eugen SteinachEugen Steinach1861–1944 · 🇦🇹 Austrianot measured—
  97. 97Guido AdlerGuido Adler1855–1941 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Musicians14 decades
  98. 98Michael MayrMichael Mayr1864–1922 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Writers12 decades
  99. 99Felix von LuschanFelix von Luschan1854–1924 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Academicsnot measured—
  100. 100Gottlieb HaberlandtGottlieb Haberlandt1854–1945 · 🇦🇹 Austria · Scientistsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.