Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Hebrew books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Rav AshiRav Ashi352–427 · 4th century13
  2. 2HaggaiHaggaiborn 550 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures12
  3. 3SBSimeon ben Gamliel IIborn 100 · 2nd century12
  4. 4NTNathan the Babylonianborn 101 · 2nd century11
  5. 5HabakkukHabakkuk626 BC–600 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures7.3
  6. 6Johanan ben ZakaiJohanan ben Zakai50 BC–70 · 1st millennium BC4.8
  7. 7Saadia GaonSaadia Gaon882–942 · 10th century · Academics3.7
  8. 8SBSimeon ben Zomadied 200 · 2nd century3.4
  9. 9Hai GaonHai Gaon939–1038 · 10th century · Writers2.9
  10. 10Hillel the ElderHillel the Elder50 BC–100 · 1st millennium BC2.9
  11. 11Sabbatai ZeviSabbatai Zevi1626–1676 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Religious Figures2.3
  12. 12Ahad Ha'amAhad Ha'am1856–1927 · 19th century · Writers2.2
  13. 13SISamuel ibn Naghrillah993–1055 · 11th century · Writers2.1
  14. 14Isaac AbrabanelIsaac Abrabanel1437–1508 · 15th century · Academics1.6
  15. 15JBJudah ben Samuel of Regensburg1150–1217 · 12th century · Academics1.5
  16. 16Judas MaccabeusJudas Maccabeus500 BC–160 BC · 1st millennium BC · Religious Figures1.3
  17. 17HBHanina ben Dosa40–75 · 1st century1.3
  18. 18Menasseh Ben IsraelMenasseh Ben Israel1604–1657 · 17th century · Academics1.2
  19. 19JKJoseph Kimhi1105–1170 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers1.0
  20. 20YYanaiborn 600 · 7th century · Writers0.99
  21. 21EBEliezer ben Hurcanus100–200 · 2nd century0.89
  22. 22Rabbeinu TamRabbeinu Tam1100–1171 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.83
  23. 23JosephusJosephus37–100 · 1st century · Writers0.74
  24. 24Amram GaonAmram Gaon810–875 · 9th century0.67
  25. 25Chaim Joseph David AzulaiChaim Joseph David Azulai1724–1806 · 18th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Historical Figures0.66
  26. 26EBEleazar ben Arach100–200 · 2nd century0.65
  27. 27Azariah dei RossiAzariah dei Rossi1513–1578 · 16th century · Writers0.64
  28. 28ZHZerachiah haLevi of Girona1130–1186 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.63
  29. 29Abraham bar HiyyaAbraham bar Hiyya1070–1136 · 12th century · Academics0.61
  30. 30Hasdai CrescasHasdai Crescas1340–1410 · 14th century · Academics0.59
  31. 31Joseph AlboJoseph Albo1380–1444 · 15th century · Academics0.58
  32. 32MKMoses Kimhi1127–1190 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France0.56
  33. 33Dunash ben LabratDunash ben Labrat920–990 · 10th century · Writers0.53
  34. 34JCJoseph Caspi1280–1345 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.50
  35. 35Hayyim ben Joseph VitalHayyim ben Joseph Vital1542–1620 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Musicians0.50
  36. 36MYMordecai Yoffe1530–1612 · 16th century0.49
  37. 37Yehuda AlhariziYehuda Alharizi1165–1225 · 13th century · Writers0.47
  38. 38Shabbethai DonnoloShabbethai Donnoloborn 913 · 10th century · Scientists0.47
  39. 39Jacob EmdenJacob Emden1697–1776 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.37
  40. 40Eleazar ben KillirEleazar ben Killir600–700 · 7th century · Writers0.36
  41. 41Jonathan EybeschutzJonathan Eybeschutz1690–1764 · 18th century · 🇩🇪 Germany0.35
  42. 42JBJedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi1270–1340 · 14th century · 🇫🇷 France · Academics0.30
  43. 43Nathan of GazaNathan of Gaza1644–1680 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.29
  44. 44Isaac the BlindIsaac the Blind1160–1235 · 12th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.26
  45. 45Moshe AlshichMoshe Alshich1508–1593 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey0.26
  46. 46Yonah GerondiYonah Gerondi1210–1263 · 13th century · Academics0.26
  47. 47Solomon MolchoSolomon Molcho1500–1532 · 16th century · Academics0.25
  48. 48Immanuel the RomanImmanuel the Roman1260–1328 · 13th century · Writers0.25
  49. 49PDProfiat Duran1350–1415 · 14th century · Musicians0.23
  50. 50IBIsaac ben Moses Arama1420–1494 · 15th century0.22
  51. 51MBMenahem ben Aaron ibn Zerah1310–1385 · 14th century · Writers0.22
  52. 52OBObadiah ben Jacob Sforno1470–1549 · 16th century · Doctors0.22
  53. 53Joel SirkisJoel Sirkis1561–1640 · 16th century0.21
  54. 54Abraham ben Mordecai FarissolAbraham ben Mordecai Farissol1451–1525 · 15th century · Musicians0.20
  55. 55Paul the ApostlePaul the Apostle5–66 · 1st century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.19
  56. 56RRashbam1080–1158 · 12th century0.18
  57. 57Moses SoferMoses Sofer1762–1839 · 18th century0.17
  58. 58Shlomo Halevi AlkabetzShlomo Halevi Alkabetz1505–1576 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.17
  59. 59Shimon bar YochaiShimon bar Yochai100–160 · 2nd century0.16
  60. 60Baruch SpinozaBaruch Spinoza1632–1677 · 17th century · 🇳🇱 Netherlands · Academics0.15
  61. 61Onias IIIOnias III300 BC–170 BC · 1st millennium BC0.14
  62. 62JIJacob ibn Habib1450–1516 · 15th century0.14
  63. 63Menaḥem ben Shelomoh MeʾiriMenaḥem ben Shelomoh Meʾiri1249–1306 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Musicians0.14
  64. 64Moses ben JoshuaMoses ben Joshua1300–1362 · 14th century · Academics0.13
  65. 65Chaim ibn AttarChaim ibn Attar1696–1743 · 18th century0.12
  66. 66JNJoseph Nasi1524–1579 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.11
  67. 67Baal Shem TovBaal Shem Tov1698–1760 · 18th century0.11
  68. 68SOShemariah of Negropont1275–1352 · 14th century · Academics0.11
  69. 69BBBahya ben Asher1255–1340 · 13th century · Writers0.11
  70. 70ABAbraham ben Samuel ibn Hasdai ha-Levi1180–1240 · 13th century · Writers0.10
  71. 71TBTobiah ben Eliezer1080–1150 · 12th century · Actors0.10
  72. 72IAIsaac Albalag1300–1300 · 14th century · Academics0.09
  73. 73Joseph ibn TzaddikJoseph ibn Tzaddik1075–1149 · 12th century · Academics0.09
  74. 74Moses ben Jacob CordoveroMoses ben Jacob Cordovero1522–1570 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Actors0.08
  75. 75Eliezer ben NathanEliezer ben Nathan1090–1170 · 12th century · Writers0.08
  76. 76Herod ArchelausHerod Archelaus23 BC–18 · 1st century · Models0.07
  77. 77ADAbraham de Balmes1440–1523 · 15th century · Doctors0.07
  78. 78Mendele Mocher SforimMendele Mocher Sforim1835–1917 · 19th century · Writers0.07
  79. 79IIIsaac ibn Ezra1114–1158 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Writers0.06
  80. 80Jacob ben AsherJacob ben Asher1269–1343 · 14th century · Writers0.05
  81. 81Tzvi AshkenaziTzvi Ashkenazi1660–1718 · 17th century0.05
  82. 82Ben SiraBen Sira300 BC–150 BC · 1st millennium BC · Writers0.05
  83. 83CBChananel ben Chushiel990–1053 · 11th century · Actors0.05
  84. 84Shneur Zalman of LiadiShneur Zalman of Liadi1745–1812 · 18th century · Academics0.05
  85. 85Benjamin of TudelaBenjamin of Tudela1130–1174 · 12th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Historical Figures0.04
  86. 86LBLevi ben Abraham ben Hayyimborn 1245 · 13th century · Writers0.04
  87. 87Joseph ben Judah ibn AkninJoseph ben Judah ibn Aknin1150–1266 · 12th century · Academics0.03
  88. 88Daniel BombergDaniel Bomberg1483–1549 · 16th century0.03
  89. 89BHBerechiah ha-Nakdan1200–1300 · 13th century · 🇫🇷 France · Writers0.03
  90. 90Shalom ShabaziShalom Shabazi1619–1719 · 17th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  91. 91NBNissim ben Jacob990–1062 · 11th century · Writers0.03
  92. 92YBYefet ben Ali950–1010 · 10th century · Actors0.03
  93. 93IBIsrael ben Moses Najara1555–1628 · 16th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Writers0.03
  94. 94Menahem RecanatiMenahem Recanati1250–1310 · 13th century · Musicians0.03
  95. 95Elia del MedigoElia del Medigo1458–1497 · 15th century · 🇹🇷 Turkey · Academics0.03
  96. 96ISIbn Shaprutborn 1400 · 15th century · 🇪🇸 Spain · Actors0.03
  97. 97Judah ben David HayyujJudah ben David Hayyuj945–1000 · 10th century · Writers0.02
  98. 98IBIsaac ben Moses of Vienna1180–1250 · 13th century · Writers0.02
  99. 99Ishtori HaparchiIshtori Haparchi1280–1337 · 14th century · Scientists0.02
  100. 100Nachman of BreslovNachman of Breslov1772–1810 · 19th century0.02

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Claude MonetClaude Monet1840–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  2. 2Paul CézannePaul Cézanne1839–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  3. 3Paul GauguinPaul Gauguin1848–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  4. 4Pierre-Auguste RenoirPierre-Auguste Renoir1841–1919 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  5. 5Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix1798–1863 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists20 decades
  6. 6Auguste RodinAuguste Rodin1840–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  7. 7Henri de Toulouse-LautrecHenri de Toulouse-Lautrec1864–1901 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades
  8. 8Édouard ManetÉdouard Manet1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  9. 9Jean-Auguste-Dominique IngresJean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres1780–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  10. 10Edgar DegasEdgar Degas1834–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  11. 11Gustave CourbetGustave Courbet1819–1877 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  12. 12Camille PissarroCamille Pissarro1830–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  13. 13Berthe MorisotBerthe Morisot1841–1895 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  14. 14Henri RousseauHenri Rousseau1844–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  15. 15Gustave DoréGustave Doré1832–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades
  16. 16Georges SeuratGeorges Seurat1859–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  17. 17Théodore GéricaultThéodore Géricault1791–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  18. 18NadarNadar1820–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  19. 19Camille ClaudelCamille Claudel1864–1943 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  20. 20Alfred SisleyAlfred Sisley1839–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  21. 21Jean-François MilletJean-François Millet1814–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  22. 22Jean-Baptiste-Camille CorotJean-Baptiste-Camille Corot1796–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  23. 23Honoré DaumierHonoré Daumier1808–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  24. 24Frédéric Auguste BartholdiFrédéric Auguste Bartholdi1834–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  25. 25William-Adolphe BouguereauWilliam-Adolphe Bouguereau1825–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  26. 26Rosa BonheurRosa Bonheur1822–1899 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists18 decades
  27. 27Paul SignacPaul Signac1863–1935 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  28. 28Gustave CaillebotteGustave Caillebotte1848–1894 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  29. 29Odilon RedonOdilon Redon1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  30. 30Jean-Léon GérômeJean-Léon Gérôme1824–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  31. 31Gustave MoreauGustave Moreau1826–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  32. 32Édouard-Henri AvrilÉdouard-Henri Avril1849–1928 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  33. 33Alexandre CabanelAlexandre Cabanel1823–1889 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists6 decades
  34. 34Frédéric BazilleFrédéric Bazille1841–1870 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  35. 35Eugène BoudinEugène Boudin1824–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  36. 36James TissotJames Tissot1836–1902 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  37. 37Aristide MaillolAristide Maillol1861–1944 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  38. 38Paul DelarochePaul Delaroche1797–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  39. 39Henri Fantin-LatourHenri Fantin-Latour1836–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  40. 40Horace VernetHorace Vernet1789–1863 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists22 decades
  41. 41Anna BochAnna Boch1848–1936 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  42. 42Julie ClaryJulie Clary1771–1845 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  43. 43Antoine BourdelleAntoine Bourdelle1861–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists10 decades
  44. 44Pierre Puvis de ChavannesPierre Puvis de Chavannes1824–1898 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades
  45. 45Antoine-Jean GrosAntoine-Jean Gros1771–1835 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades
  46. 46Théodore RousseauThéodore Rousseau1812–1867 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists17 decades
  47. 47Séraphine LouisSéraphine Louis1864–1942 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades
  48. 48François GérardFrançois Gérard1770–1837 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  49. 49Charles-François DaubignyCharles-François Daubigny1817–1878 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades
  50. 50Paul SérusierPaul Sérusier1864–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists9 decades
  51. 51Léon BonnatLéon Bonnat1833–1922 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  52. 52Anne-Louis GirodetAnne-Louis Girodet1767–1824 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades
  53. 53Jules Bastien-LepageJules Bastien-Lepage1848–1884 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  54. 54Jean-Louis-Ernest MeissonierJean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier1815–1891 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  55. 55Jules BretonJules Breton1827–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  56. 56Mathilde BonaparteMathilde Bonaparte1820–1904 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists1 decades
  57. 57Thomas CoutureThomas Couture1815–1879 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  58. 58Eugène AtgetEugène Atget1857–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  59. 59Henri-Edmond CrossHenri-Edmond Cross1856–1910 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades
  60. 60Eva GonzalèsEva Gonzalès1849–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists6 decades
  61. 61Jules LefebvreJules Lefebvre1836–1911 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  62. 62Jean-Baptiste CarpeauxJean-Baptiste Carpeaux1827–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  63. 63Ary SchefferAry Scheffer1795–1858 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  64. 64Théodore ChassériauThéodore Chassériau1819–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  65. 65Marie BracquemondMarie Bracquemond1840–1916 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades
  66. 66Victorine MeurentVictorine Meurent1844–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists3 decades
  67. 67Achille DevériaAchille Devéria1800–1857 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  68. 68Jules ChéretJules Chéret1836–1932 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  69. 69Carolus-DuranCarolus-Duran1837–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  70. 70Armand GuillauminArmand Guillaumin1841–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  71. 71Jean Ignace Isidore Gérard GrandvilleJean Ignace Isidore Gérard Grandville1803–1847 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades
  72. 72Jean BéraudJean Béraud1849–1935 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  73. 73Jean-Paul LaurensJean-Paul Laurens1838–1921 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists15 decades
  74. 74Martin van MaëleMartin van Maële1863–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  75. 75Louise AbbémaLouise Abbéma1853–1927 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades
  76. 76Jean-Jacques HennerJean-Jacques Henner1829–1905 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  77. 77Pierre-Narcisse GuérinPierre-Narcisse Guérin1774–1833 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades
  78. 78Princess Marie of FrancePrincess Marie of France1813–1839 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists21 decades
  79. 79Maximilien LuceMaximilien Luce1858–1941 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists12 decades
  80. 80Charlotte Napoléone BonaparteCharlotte Napoléone Bonaparte1802–1839 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  81. 81Pierre Auguste CotPierre Auguste Cot1837–1883 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  82. 82Pierre-Paul Émile RouxPierre-Paul Émile Roux1853–1933 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists7 decades
  83. 83Princess Adélaïde of OrléansPrincess Adélaïde of Orléans1777–1847 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists8 decades
  84. 84Antoine-Louis BaryeAntoine-Louis Barye1795–1875 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades
  85. 85Émile FriantÉmile Friant1863–1932 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades
  86. 86Fernand CormonFernand Cormon1845–1924 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists2 decades
  87. 87Eugène CarrièreEugène Carrière1849–1906 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists13 decades
  88. 88François RudeFrançois Rude1784–1855 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists14 decades
  89. 89Eugène FromentinEugène Fromentin1820–1876 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists16 decades
  90. 90Sophie Gengembre AndersonSophie Gengembre Anderson1823–1903 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  91. 91Marie-Guillemine BenoistMarie-Guillemine Benoist1768–1826 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists0 decades
  92. 92David d'AngersDavid d'Angers1788–1856 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  93. 93Léon CognietLéon Cogniet1794–1880 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists19 decades
  94. 94Eugène GrassetEugène Grasset1845–1917 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists11 decades
  95. 95Jean-Baptiste DebretJean-Baptiste Debret1768–1848 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  96. 96Louis MajorelleLouis Majorelle1859–1926 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades
  97. 97Édouard DetailleÉdouard Detaille1848–1912 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists5 decades
  98. 98Nasreddine DinetNasreddine Dinet1861–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  99. 99Caran d'AcheCaran d'Ache1858–1909 · 🇫🇷 France · Artistsnot measured—
  100. 100Henri GervexHenri Gervex1852–1929 · 🇫🇷 France · Artists4 decades

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.