Claim profile
1800–1899

The 19th century

Whose names filled the books of the 19th century — anyone at all, however long dead — counted as mentions per million words printed, so a period that simply published more does not inflate anyone.

Talked about then

Whose names appeared most in Chinese books during the 19th century — whenever they lived.

In books written inEnglish18,114German3,599French3,347Italian1,787Spanish1,162Russian325Hebrew105Chinese9
  1. 1Zhu XiZhu Xi1130–1200 · 12th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers870
  2. 2Li HongzhangLi Hongzhang1823–1901 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians149
  3. 3Zhang ZhidongZhang Zhidong1837–1909 · 19th century · Politicians86
  4. 4Zuo ZongtangZuo Zongtang1812–1885 · 19th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians43
  5. 5Ban GuBan Gu32–92 · 1st century · Writers40
  6. 6Ge HongGe Hong284–364 · 4th century · Academics40
  7. 7CSChen Shou233–297 · 3rd century · Writers14
  8. 8Mao ZedongMao Zedong1893–1976 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Politicians12
  9. 9Lu XunLu Xun1881–1936 · 20th century · 🇨🇳 China · Writers11

Lived then

The most notable people whose working lives fell in the 19th century, ranked where Wikipedia coverage and readership agree.

CountryAll🇺🇸 United States🇫🇷 France🇩🇪 Germany🇬🇧 United Kingdom🇮🇹 Italy🇪🇸 Spain🇯🇵 Japan🇦🇹 Austria🇹🇷 Turkey🇸🇪 Sweden
FieldAllPoliticiansWritersHistorical FiguresScientistsAcademicsArtistsMusiciansDoctorsFoundersJournalists
  1. 1Wilhelm BuschWilhelm Busch1832–1908 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists15 decades
  2. 2Max LiebermannMax Liebermann1847–1935 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists13 decades
  3. 3Lovis CorinthLovis Corinth1858–1925 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists11 decades
  4. 4Franz StuckFranz Stuck1863–1928 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists9 decades
  5. 5Carl SpitzwegCarl Spitzweg1808–1885 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists10 decades
  6. 6Franz Xaver WinterhalterFranz Xaver Winterhalter1805–1873 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists3 decades
  7. 7Wilhelm von GloedenWilhelm von Gloeden1856–1931 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists3 decades
  8. 8Philipp Otto RungePhilipp Otto Runge1777–1810 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists17 decades
  9. 9Max KlingerMax Klinger1857–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists14 decades
  10. 10Hans ThomaHans Thoma1839–1924 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists14 decades
  11. 11Heinrich ZilleHeinrich Zille1858–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  12. 12Rudolf von AltRudolf von Alt1812–1905 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists10 decades
  13. 13Adolf von HildebrandAdolf von Hildebrand1847–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artists11 decades
  14. 14Willy StöwerWilly Stöwer1864–1931 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  15. 15Lesser UryLesser Ury1861–1931 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  16. 16Princess Mathilde of SaxonyPrincess Mathilde of Saxony1863–1933 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  17. 17Joseph Anton KochJoseph Anton Koch1768–1839 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  18. 18Guglielmo PlüschowGuglielmo Plüschow1852–1930 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  19. 19Adolf HölzelAdolf Hölzel1853–1934 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  20. 20OWOtto Wilhelm Thomé1840–1925 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  21. 21Nicola PerscheidNicola Perscheid1864–1930 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  22. 22Friedrich August von KaulbachFriedrich August von Kaulbach1850–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  23. 23Ferdinand KellerFerdinand Keller1842–1922 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  24. 24HHHeinrich Harder1858–1935 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  25. 25Carl RöchlingCarl Röchling1855–1920 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  26. 26Christian Wilhelm AllersChristian Wilhelm Allers1857–1915 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  27. 27Ludwig von HofmannLudwig von Hofmann1861–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  28. 28Emil DoeplerEmil Doepler1855–1922 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  29. 29Julie WolfthornJulie Wolfthorn1864–1944 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  30. 30Eduard von GrütznerEduard von Grützner1846–1925 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  31. 31Dora HitzDora Hitz1856–1924 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  32. 32Sabine LepsiusSabine Lepsius1864–1942 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  33. 33Franz PforrFranz Pforr1788–1812 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  34. 34Hermann Ottomar HerzogHermann Ottomar Herzog1832–1932 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  35. 35Heinrich KleyHeinrich Kley1863–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  36. 36Adolfo HohensteinAdolfo Hohenstein1854–1928 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  37. 37Eduard von GebhardtEduard von Gebhardt1838–1925 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  38. 38Arthur KampfArthur Kampf1864–1950 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  39. 39Leopold Graf von KalckreuthLeopold Graf von Kalckreuth1855–1928 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  40. 40Leopold Carl MüllerLeopold Carl Müller1834–1892 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  41. 41Paul BaumPaul Baum1859–1932 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  42. 42Hugo VogelHugo Vogel1855–1934 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  43. 43Nicola MarschallNicola Marschall1829–1917 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  44. 44Friedrich NerlyFriedrich Nerly1807–1878 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  45. 45Edward Theodore ComptonEdward Theodore Compton1849–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  46. 46Heinrich von ZügelHeinrich von Zügel1850–1941 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  47. 47Otto ScholdererOtto Scholderer1834–1902 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  48. 48Ida GerhardiIda Gerhardi1862–1927 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  49. 49Carl WernerCarl Werner1808–1894 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  50. 50Otto HuppOtto Hupp1859–1949 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  51. 51Fritz SchaperFritz Schaper1841–1919 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  52. 52Theodor HagenTheodor Hagen1842–1919 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  53. 53Peter JanssenPeter Janssen1844–1908 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  54. 54Alois AuerAlois Auer1813–1869 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  55. 55Hermann KnackfußHermann Knackfuß1848–1915 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  56. 56Hugo von HabermannHugo von Habermann1849–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  57. 57Louis TuaillonLouis Tuaillon1862–1919 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  58. 58Gustavus von TempskyGustavus von Tempsky1828–1868 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  59. 59Hans OldeHans Olde1855–1917 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  60. 60Carl Emil DoeplerCarl Emil Doepler1824–1905 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  61. 61Emil AdamEmil Adam1843–1924 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  62. 62Karl GussowKarl Gussow1843–1907 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  63. 63Wilhelm Lindenschmit the YoungerWilhelm Lindenschmit the Younger1829–1895 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  64. 64Hermann VogelHermann Vogel1854–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  65. 65Theodore William AchtermannTheodore William Achtermann1799–1884 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  66. 66Reinhold LepsiusReinhold Lepsius1857–1922 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  67. 67Ludwig ManzelLudwig Manzel1858–1936 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  68. 68Alexander von SauerweidAlexander von Sauerweid1783–1844 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  69. 69Hans BohrdtHans Bohrdt1857–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  70. 70Ludwig von HerterichLudwig von Herterich1856–1932 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  71. 71Stanislaus von KalckreuthStanislaus von Kalckreuth1820–1894 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  72. 72Christian LandenbergerChristian Landenberger1862–1927 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  73. 73Themistokles von EckenbrecherThemistokles von Eckenbrecher1842–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  74. 74Friedrich KallmorgenFriedrich Kallmorgen1856–1924 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  75. 75Hermann HendrichHermann Hendrich1854–1931 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  76. 76Theodor HorscheltTheodor Horschelt1829–1871 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  77. 77Arthur von RambergArthur von Ramberg1819–1875 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  78. 78Ernst HildebrandErnst Hildebrand1833–1924 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  79. 79Rudolf Otto von OttenfeldRudolf Otto von Ottenfeld1856–1913 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  80. 80Emilie PreyerEmilie Preyer1849–1930 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  81. 81Johann Siegwald DahlJohann Siegwald Dahl1827–1902 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  82. 82Anna GerresheimAnna Gerresheim1852–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  83. 83Clara SiewertClara Siewert1862–1945 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  84. 84Wilhelm Lindenschmit the ElderWilhelm Lindenschmit the Elder1806–1848 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  85. 85Josef MaxJosef Max1804–1855 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  86. 86Curt HerrmannCurt Herrmann1854–1929 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  87. 87Carl SeffnerCarl Seffner1861–1932 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  88. 88Fritz StoltenbergFritz Stoltenberg1855–1921 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  89. 89Otto SeitzOtto Seitz1846–1912 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  90. 90Alexander von Ungern-SternbergAlexander von Ungern-Sternberg1806–1868 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  91. 91Lothar MeggendorferLothar Meggendorfer1847–1925 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  92. 92Karl JanssenKarl Janssen1855–1927 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  93. 93Otto ReinigerOtto Reiniger1863–1909 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  94. 94Gerhardt Wilhelm von ReuternGerhardt Wilhelm von Reutern1794–1865 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  95. 95Christian BehrensChristian Behrens1852–1905 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  96. 96Robert DiezRobert Diez1844–1922 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  97. 97FLFerdinand Leeke1859–1937 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  98. 98Hedwig WeißHedwig Weiß1860–1923 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  99. 99Adelheid DietrichAdelheid Dietrich1827–1891 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—
  100. 100Louis HeldLouis Held1851–1927 · 🇩🇪 Germany · Artistsnot measured—

How this is measured

  • Placing people in time. Each person belongs to the century in which they were most active — around age 35, and never after their death.
  • Who ranks highest. Within a century, people are ranked where two independent signals agree: how many of the world’s Wikipedia language editions cover them, and how many people actually read about them. Article counts alone can be lifted by a person’s own circle; readers cannot.
  • Fame in print. The curves count how often a name appears in Google Books from 1800 to 2019, as a share of all the words printed each year, in the person’s own language wherever that corpus exists. Those decades are over, so each measurement is made once and kept.
  • What is left out. A lifetime is measured only from 1820, when there is enough print to judge; the five years after a death are skipped as obituaries; and a name shared with someone equally notable is credited to neither.