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Henry the Lion

Welf dynasty, Duke of Saxony, as Henry III, and Duke of Bavaria, as Henry XII (1129-1195) · Germany · Died at 66

Henry the Lion is read about 771 times a day, in 50 languages.

Counted to 16 September 2026, not since.

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A German duke who held two duchies at once and built a power base so vast it stretched from the Baltic to the Alps - until he refused his emperor's call to war in 1176 and lost everything.

Also in Deutsch

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About this person

Henry inherited the Duchy of Saxony in 1142 and leveraged his kinship with Frederick Barbarossa, helping secure the throne for his cousin in 1152. Barbarossa rewarded him with Bavaria four years later, making Henry master of a realm spanning from the North Sea to the mountains. In Brunswick he raised a collegiate church and planted a stone lion at Dankwarderode Castle to mark his capital. But when Barbarossa marched on Italy in 1176, Henry withheld troops; the emperor's campaign collapsed at Legnano, and the betrayal cost Henry both duchies as rivals closed in. After Barbarossa's death he tried to claw back influence, toppling dukes, but ended his years in exile on England's southern coast.

Country
Germany
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 1129 to 1195 · aged 66

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