Henry Benedict Stuart
Catholic cardinal · Italy · On the map · Religious Figures · Lived 1725 to 1807 · aged 82
Henry Benedict Thomas Edward Maria Clement Francis Xavier Stuart, Cardinal Duke of York, also known as the Cardinal of York, was a cardinal, and was the third and final Jacobite heir to publicly claim the thrones of Great Britain and Ireland, as the younger grandson of King James VII and II.
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Henry Benedict Stuart, age 13, by Louis Gabriel Blanchet (1738)
A young Henry Benedict Stuart (painted ca. 1729-1732), bearing a striking resemblance to his elder brother Charles Edward Stuart
Henry Benedict Stuart by Maurice Quentin de La Tour (1746/47), long thought to be of Charles Edward Stuart
Henry Benedict Stuart by Anton Raphael Mengs (1756)
Monument to the Royal Stuarts, left aisle of Saint Peter's Basilica, RomeAbout this person
One of the longest-serving cardinals in history, Henry spent his whole life in the Papal States and became the dean of the College of Cardinals and cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri. Unlike his father James Francis Edward Stuart and elder brother Charles Edward Stuart, Henry made no effort to seize the thrones. After Charles's death in 1788, Henry became known by Jacobites as Henry IX and I, but the Papacy did not recognise Henry as the lawful ruler of Great Britain and Ireland and instead referred to him as the "Cardinal Duke of York". He was most widely known as the Duke of York, a title in the Jacobite peerage granted to him by his father.
