James Francis Edward Stuart, Prince of Wales
✓ Source-basedrisingPretender to the English, Scottish and Irish throne (1688-1766)
United KingdomLived 1688 to 1766 · aged 77James Francis Edward Stuart, also known as the Old Pretender, was the senior House of Stuart claimant to the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland from 1701 until his death in 1766. The only surviving son of James II of England and his second wife, Mary of Modena, he was created Prince of Wales.
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James Francis Edward as Prince of Wales
James Francis Edward c. 1703, portrait in the Royal Collection attributed to Alexis Simon Belle
James ("The Old Pretender") lands in Scotland after Sheriffmuir. An 18th-century engraving.
Coloured portrait of James as young man
James's wife, Maria Clementina SobieskaIn their orbit 16
About this person
James Francis Edward Stuart, also known as the Old Pretender, was the senior House of Stuart claimant to the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland from 1701 until his death in 1766. The only surviving son of James II of England and his second wife, Mary of Modena, he was created Prince of Wales. He was heir-apparent until his Catholic father was deposed and exiled in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. His Protestant half-sister Mary II and her husband William III and II became co-monarchs. As a Catholic, he was subsequently excluded from the succession by the Bill of Rights 1689.
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