James II of England

King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1685 to 1688 (1633–1701)

  • Fame68.4
  • Momentum6.0
  • Historical Figures rank#106
Source-basedStable
  • Fame68.4
  • Momentum6.0
  • Historical Figures rank#106
  • Wikipedia148.8K
Lived 1633–1701, aged 68United Kingdom
  • Wikipedia
    80 languages
    Cross-language footprint
  • Era
    1633–1701
    Aged 68
  • Awards
    2
    recognised works
Summary
Updated 2026-06-08

The last Catholic monarch to rule England, Scotland, and Ireland — whose push for religious tolerance and absolute power triggered the 1688 Glorious Revolution and ended a century of strife by settling, once and for all, that Parliament outranked the Crown.

Biography

About

James was born 14 October 1633, the second surviving son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France, created Duke of York at birth. He took the throne in February 1685 at 51 after his brother Charles II died, welcomed widely because the public still recoiled from the republican Commonwealth and assumed a Catholic king would be temporary. That tolerance didn't extend to policy: when James tried forcing Catholic-friendly measures by decree — invoking divine right — both English and Scottish parliaments blocked him. Two blows in June 1688 turned dissent to crisis: his son James Francis Edward was…

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By the numbers

Score breakdown

The six component signals behind the Fame score, and their ranks across the leaderboards.

Fame
Stable
68.4
Composite of search demand, mentions, audience & graph footprint.
Score components
Momentum6.0
Historical29.4
Now attention9.5
Source confidence60.0
Completeness70.0
Global rank
Country rank
Category rank
#106
Receipts

Sources

  • Wikidata
    wikidata · wikidata.org
    High confidence
  • Wikipedia
    wikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
    High confidence
  • Pantheon 2.0
    database · pantheon.world
    High confidence