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Hasan ibn Ali

5th Rashidun Caliph (r. 661) and second Shia Imam · Politicians · Lived 625 to 669 · aged 44

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The prophet Muhammad's grandson who held the caliphate for seven months in 661 before signing it away to his rival - a surrender that split opinion for thirteen centuries and shaped the fault line between Sunni and Shia memory.

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In their own words 8

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Hasan ibn Ali
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8 statements, newest first
  1. If you cannot teach knowledge, then you should teach your intuition.

    Majlisi, Bihārul Anwār, vol.78, p. 111, Own words

  2. Thought, meditation and pondering is the life of clear sighted people

    Majlisi, Bihārul Anwār, vol.72, p. 115, Own words

  3. Both the abodes (this world and the Hereafter) are grasped by the intellect, and whoever is deprived of the intellect is deprived of them both.

    al-Irbili, Kashf al-Ghamma, vol.3, p. 197, Own words

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About this person

Born around 625, Hasan was the eldest son of Ali and Fatima, placing him in the innermost circle of early Islam's founding family. He fought alongside his father during the First Fitna, the civil war that tore through the caliphate in the 650s. When Ali was assassinated in January 661, Hasan was proclaimed caliph in Kufa, but Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, governor of Syria, refused to recognize him and marched an army toward the city while sending letters demanding abdication. Hasan dispatched a vanguard to block the advance, but before he could follow with the main force he was stabbed and gravely wounded by a Kharijite assassin. His army unraveled - desertions spread, his commander took a bribe and defected, and in August 661 Hasan signed a peace treaty ceding power to Mu'awiya in exchange for terms that were never kept. He withdrew to Medina and died there in April 670, most early sources agreeing he was poisoned, with suspicion falling on Mu'awiya, who wanted his own son to inherit.

Category
Politicians
Type
Politician
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 625 to 669 · aged 44

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