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Benito Mussolini

Dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1945 · Italy · Politicians · Lived 1883 to 1945 · aged 61

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He founded fascism, turned Italy into a one-party dictatorship, and led the country into catastrophic alliance with Nazi Germany during World War II. Communist partisans executed him and his mistress near the Swiss border as the Axis collapsed.

PoliticiansJournalistJournalismPolitics20th Century

A life in dates

2000Tea with MussoliniBiopic about his life6 January 2000, 1999 film by Franco ZeffirelliIMDb1998Human RemainsDocumentary about himJanuary 1998, 1998 short documentary film directed by Jay RosenblattIMDb1980Lion of the DesertBiopic about his life19 December 1980, 1980 film by Moustapha AkkadIMDb1947Monsieur VerdouxFilm released after his death11 April 1947, 1947 film by Charlie ChaplinIMDb1945Died28 April 19451937Collar of the Imperial Order of the Red ArrowsAwardGrand Cross of the Order of Merit of the German Eagle in Gold with DiamondsAward, 1937Honorary doctor of the University of LausanneAward1936Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of SavoyAward1935Minister of Italian Africa of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1935-19431933Minister of Air Force of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1933-1943Minister of War of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1933-19431932Goethe Medal for Art and ScienceAward1930Royal Order of the SeraphimAward1929Minister of Corporations of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1929-19361928Order of the LiberatorAward1926Grand Cross of Naval Merit with white badgeAwardGrand cross of the Order of the White LionAwardNational Order of Merit Carlos Manuel de CéspedesAwardMinister of Interior of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1926-19431923Grand Cross of the Legion of HonourAwardMinister of Air Force of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1923-19291922Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1922-1929Prime Minister of the Kingdom of ItalyOffice1922-19431909“Militarism! Here is the monstrous leech that is incessantly sucking the blood of the people and its best energy! Here is the target for our attacks!”In their words11 April 1909Mussolini's article, (April 11, 1909), quoted in The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution, Jacob Talmon, University of

1904“The struggle against the religious absurdity is more than ever a necessity today.”In their wordsBenito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935.

“With each new discovery of chemistry, physics, biology, the anthropological sciences, of the practical application of sound principles, dogma collapses.”In their wordsBenito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935.

“The Bible and morals called Christian are two cadavers.”In their wordsBenito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935.

“Religion is a psychic disease of the brain.”In their wordsBenito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935.

“The history of many saints, beatified by the church, is repugnant. It shows nothing more than a profound aberration of the human spirit in search of ultra-terrestrial chimeras.”In their wordsBenito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935.

1883Born29 July 1883

Also in Deutsch

Photos 12

Birthplace of Mussolini in Predappio; the building now hosts exhibitions on contemporary history.Birthplace of Mussolini in Predappio; the building now hosts exhibitions on contemporary history.Mussolini's booking file following his arrest by the police on 19 June 1903, Bern, SwitzerlandMussolini's booking file following his arrest by the police on 19 June 1903, Bern, SwitzerlandMussolini in the early 1900sMussolini in the early 1900sMussolini as director of Avanti!Mussolini as director of Avanti!Members of Italy's Arditi corps in 1918 holding daggers, a symbol of their group. The Arditi's black uniform and use of the fez were adopted by Mussolini in the creation of his Fascist movement.Members of Italy's Arditi corps in 1918 holding daggers, a symbol of their group. The Arditi's black uniform and use of the fez were adopted by Mussolini in the creation of his Fascist movement.Mussolini as an Italian soldier, 1917Mussolini as an Italian soldier, 1917

In their own words 10

,
Benito Mussolini
,
10 statements, newest first

  1. Militarism! Here is the monstrous leech that is incessantly sucking the blood of the people and its best energy! Here is the target for our attacks!

    Apr 11, 1909, Mussolini's article, (April 11, 1909), quoted in The Myth of the Nation and the Vision of Revolution, Jacob Talmon, University of, Own words

  2. The struggle against the religious absurdity is more than ever a necessity today.

    1904, Benito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935., Own words

  3. With each new discovery of chemistry, physics, biology, the anthropological sciences, of the practical application of sound principles, dogma collapses.

    1904, Benito Mussolini, God Does Not Exist. Published in 1904; Lausanne, Switzerland. Translated by George Seldes, 1935., Own words

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Awards

Collar of the Imperial Order of the Red Arrows1937
Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the German Eagle in Gold with Diamonds1937
Honorary doctor of the University of Lausanne1937
Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy1936
Goethe Medal for Art and Science1932
Royal Order of the Seraphim1930
Order of the Liberator1928
Grand cross of the Order of the White Lion1926
Grand Cross of Naval Merit with white badge1926
National Order of Merit Carlos Manuel de Céspedes1926
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour1923
Order of the White Eagle
Order of the Golden Spur
Order of Lāčplēsis
Order of the Quetzal
Knight of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
Knight grand cross of the order of the crown of Italy
Knight Grand Cross of the Colonial Order of the Star of Italy
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Order of the Bath
Cross of Liberty
Order of Skanderbeg
Order of the Roman Eagle
Order of the Southern Cross
Order of the Elephant
Cross of Vytis
Grand Collar of the Military Order of the Tower and Sword
Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum
Grand Cross of the Military Order of the Tower and Sword
Order of the Chrysanthemum
Inter-Allied Victory Medals
Order of the Star of Nepal
Order of Solomon
Order of Saints Cyril and Methodius Equal-to-apostles

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Benito Mussolini

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About this person

Mussolini began as a socialist journalist at Avanti! and joined the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party in 1912, but was expelled for advocating military intervention in the First World War. He founded the newspaper Il Popolo d'Italia in 1914, served in the Royal Italian Army until wounded in 1917, then broke decisively with socialism to create the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento in 1919, advocating "revolutionary nationalism" that transcended class lines. After the March on Rome in October 1922, King Victor Emmanuel III appointed him prime minister; within five years he had dismantled opposition and built a totalitarian state. His foreign policy arc bent from cautious pragmatism through the 1935 invasion of Ethiopia - which isolated Italy diplomatically and pushed him toward Hitler - to the Rome-Berlin Axis in 1936 and the Pact of Steel in 1939. He entered World War II in June 1940 expecting quick German victory, but defeats and the Allied landing in Sicily led the Grand Council of Fascism to strip his power in July 1943. The Germans rescued him to head a puppet regime in the north, but as the Allies closed in he attempted to flee to Switzerland

Country
Italy
Category
Politicians
Type
Politician
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 1883 to 1945 · aged 61

Politicians from Italy 6

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