King of England from 1135 to 1154
People connected to Stephen, King of England
He seized the English throne in 1135 by breaking an oath to his cousin, then spent nineteen years fighting her for it. The civil war they waged — called the Anarchy — dragged England through a generation of baronial chaos, ending only when Stephen agreed to let her son inherit after all.
Born in Blois between 1092 and 1096, Stephen was the fourth son of a crusader count and a granddaughter of William the Conqueror. Raised at the court of his uncle Henry I after his father's death, he survived the White Ship disaster in 1120 that drowned the king's heir and opened the succession to dispute. When Henry died in 1135, Stephen raced across the Channel and took the crown, setting aside his earlier vow to support the Empress Matilda's claim. The early years held, but in 1139 Matilda and her half-brother Robert of Gloucester invaded, and the kingdom fractured. Captured at Lincoln in 1…
Sourced, dated quotes from Stephen, King of England
Stephen (by the grace of God), king of the English, to the justices, sheriffs, barons, and all his servants and liegemen, both French and English, greeting.
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