King of Aragon and Valencia (1276–85); King of Sicily (1282–85)
He seized Sicily in 1282 through his wife's claim and a rebel invitation, turning a Mediterranean inheritance dispute into a war that redrew the map of southern Europe.
Born around 1239, Peter inherited Aragon, Valencia, and the County of Barcelona in 1276. Six years later, Sicilian rebels offered him the crown, and he invaded to press the claim of his wife, Constance II of Sicily. The conquest succeeded, uniting Sicily to Aragon's crown and igniting a prolonged conflict with the papacy and France. He ruled four realms simultaneously until his death on 11 November 1285, having turned a dynastic marriage into an empire that lasted centuries.
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