2nd Prime Minister of Israel from 1954 to 1955
He signed Israel's founding declaration, then served as the country's second prime minister — sandwiched between two terms of David Ben-Gurion and caught in the undertow of a more dominant personality.
Born Moshe Chertok in 1894, he rose through Zionist politics to head the Jewish Agency's political department starting in 1933. During World War II he founded the Jewish Brigade, which fought alongside the British against Nazi Germany. In 1948 he signed the Israeli Declaration of Independence and became the new state's first foreign minister, a role that put him at the table for the cease-fire negotiations that ended the 1948 Palestine war. He stepped into the premiership in 1954 when Ben-Gurion temporarily stepped aside, only to be replaced by Ben-Gurion again a year later. He remained foreig…
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