German American biologist (1999 Nobel Prize)
Günter Blobel discovered that proteins carry their own address labels — intrinsic signals that tell them exactly where to go inside a cell. The finding rewrote cell biology and won him the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physiology.
Born in Silesia on May 21, 1936, Blobel trained as a biologist and eventually worked in both Germany and the United States. His research zeroed in on a question that had stumped the field: how do proteins, once made, know where they belong in the chaos of a cell? He found the answer in the proteins themselves — they contain built-in signals, molecular ZIP codes that govern their transport and localization. The work earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology in 1999. He died on February 18, 2018.
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