German bacteriologist (1895-1964)
He turned a dye into the first antibiotic you could buy — then tested it on his own daughter when infection threatened her life.
Gerhard Domagk was working as a pathologist at the University of Münster when IG Farben brought him to Elberfeld in 1927 to screen chemical compounds for therapeutic use. He tested a benzene derivative synthesised by Fritz Mietzsch and Joseph Klarer — an azo dye carrying a sulphonamide side chain — and found it killed Streptococcus pyogenes. In 1935 his daughter Hildegarde injured herself and developed a streptococcal infection; facing amputation, Domagk used the compound and cured her. The drug went to market as Prontosil, the first commercially available antibiotic. He was awarded the 1939 N…
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