King of Jerusalem (1130-1163) (r. 1143-1163)
He ruled the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem longer than any other king of his century, yet spent half that reign wrestling power from his own mother. Baldwin III held the throne for twenty years but lived only thirty-three, long enough to take the critical port of Ascalon and bind Byzantium to the Levant's defense.
Baldwin III was crowned king at thirteen in 1143 after his father Fulk's death, but his mother Melisende kept true control of Jerusalem. He tried to prove himself in battle before turning fifteen — put down a rebellion at Wadi Musa in 1144, then stumbled in the Hauran and watched the Second Crusade fail at Damascus in 1148. By April 1152 he'd had enough: he deposed Melisende in a quick military move and finally ruled alone. The next year he captured Ascalon, the port that had eluded his predecessors, and began coordinating the other crusader territories after Raymond of Poitiers fell and Raymo…
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