Baldwin I of Jerusalem
King of Jerusalem from 1100 to 1118 · Politicians · Lived 1058 to 1118 · aged 60
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Something wrong?The youngest son who seized the moment when his brother died, turned a feudal claim into a crown, and spent eighteen years clawing coastal cities from Muslim hands to anchor the First Crusade's fragile foothold in the Levant.
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Baldwin was the youngest son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, briefly held the County of Verdun, then followed his brother Godfrey east with the crusader army in 1096. He split off to Cilicia in 1097, forced Tancred out of Tarsus, and pushed into Armenian territory west of the Euphrates. Invited to Edessa by Thoros to fight the Seljuks, Baldwin exploited a riot, took the town on 10 March 1098, and founded the first Crusader state. When Godfrey died in 1100, Baldwin marched to Jerusalem against rival claims and was crowned king in Bethlehem on Christmas Day. Over the next decade he methodically took Arsuf, Caesarea, Acre, Beirut, and Sidon with Italian naval help, crushed the Egyptians at Ramla in 1105, and built fortresses across the Jordan to choke the caravan routes. He died in 1118 on campaign against Egypt, leaving a kingdom that would outlast him by seventy years.
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