Abdelaziz Bouteflika
President of Algeria from 1999 to 2019 · Algeria · On the map · Politicians · Lived 1937 to 2021 · aged 84
He held Algeria's presidency for two decades, won four elections, and barely appeared in public for the last six years of his rule. When he tried for a fifth term in 2019, the streets filled and he resigned within weeks.
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Abdelaziz Bouteflika fought with the National Liberation Front during Algeria's war for independence, then served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1963 to 1979 and presided over the UN General Assembly in 1974-1975. In 1983 he was convicted of stealing millions of dinars from Algerian embassies during his diplomatic years. Elected president in a landslide in 1999, he took over the project to end the civil war, declared it over in 2002, and lifted emergency rule in 2011. He won re-election in 2004, 2009, and 2014, but a stroke in 2013 left him largely absent from public life; his final appearance came in 2017. When he announced a fifth-term bid in early 2019, months of mass protests forced his resignation on 2 April. He became a recluse and died in September 2021 at 84.