Xuanzang is read about 1,059 times a day, in 67 languages.
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Something wrong?A 7th-century Chinese monk who walked to India and back - seventeen years, defying a travel ban, crossing deserts and kingdoms - to retrieve Buddhist texts that China had never seen whole or true.
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In their own words 9
, On examination, we find that the names of India (T’ien-chu) are various and perplexing as to their authority.
The ordinary people … are upright and honourable... They are faithful to their oaths and promises... In their behavior there is much gentleness and sweetness.
They are pure of themselves, and not from compulsion.
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Born in 602 near Luoyang, Xuanzang became a novice monk at thirteen and fled south with his brother during the Sui collapse, ordained fully at twenty. Troubled by the fragmentary Buddhist scriptures circulating in China and the contradictions among competing translations, he resolved at twenty-seven to go to the source. In 629 he slipped past the empire's border restrictions and made his way through Central Asia to India, studying for years at Nalanda under the monk Śīlabhadra. He returned in 645 with 657 Sanskrit texts loaded on twenty horses; Emperor Taizong welcomed him home and commissioned a travelogue. Xuanzang managed to translate seventy-five sections - 1,335 chapters of the most important Mahayana works - before his death in 664. His travel account, the Records of the Western Regions, became a key record of seventh-century India and Central Asia, and nine centuries later inspired Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West.
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