Samuel de Champlain
16/17th-century French explorer of North America · France · Historical Figures · Lived 1567 to 1635 · aged 68
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Something wrong?He crossed the Atlantic up to 29 times in the age of sail, drew the first accurate maps of North America's eastern coastline and the Great Lakes, and planted the settlement that became Quebec - the hinge on which French presence in North America turned.
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Born to a family of mariners, Champlain began exploring North America in 1603 under François Gravé Du Pont's guidance. He helped establish Port Royal in Acadia from 1604 to 1607, the first permanent European settlement north of Florida, then founded Quebec on 3 July 1608 - the anchor of sustained French colonization in the St. Lawrence valley. He forged alliances with the Innu, Algonquin, and Wendat peoples, fought alongside them against the Iroquois, and lived among Indigenous communities long enough to produce detailed ethnographic records. In 1620 Louis XIII ordered him to stop exploring and focus on administration; though his non-noble status barred him from the governor's title, he effectively governed New France until his death in Quebec on 25 December 1635.
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