Samurai of the Satsuma domain, supreme commander of Japanese army, one of the three great nobles who led the Meiji Restoration (1828-1877)
He helped demolish the shogunate and install the emperor, then turned around and died fighting the government he'd built. The man who negotiated Edo's bloodless surrender ended in a suicide charge against imperial guns — making him Japan's most romanticized contradiction.
Born into a minor samurai house in Satsuma Domain on 23 January 1828, Saigō Takamori rose through service to the daimyō Shimazu Nariakira, working the political circuits of Edo and Kyoto. After Nariakira's death he was exiled twice — first to Amami Ōshima, then the harsher Okinoerabujima — before being pardoned and recalled to forge the Satchō Alliance between Satsuma and Chōshū, the pact that broke the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868. He commanded imperial forces in the Boshin War and brokered Edo Castle's surrender without bloodshed. In the new Meiji government he held senior posts and drove refo…
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