English biochemist and Nobel laureate (1917–1985)
Split an antibody molecule in half and mapped how it works — the structural blueprint that turned immunology from folklore into engineering.
Rodney Robert Porter was born on 8 October 1917 in Britain, trained as a biochemist, and spent years taking antibodies apart piece by piece when no one knew what held them together. He used enzymes to cleave the molecule, separated the fragments, and revealed the Y-shaped architecture that lets one end bind antigen while the other triggers immune response. The work won him the Nobel Prize and gave medicine the map it needed to design targeted therapies. He died on 6 September 1985.
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