Qin Shi Huang
First emperor of Qin Dynasty · China · Historical Figures · Lived 259 BC to 210 BC · aged 49
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Something wrong?He invented the title "emperor" and then became the first person to hold it, conquering six rival kingdoms by 221 BC to unify China under a single throne. The term he coined outlasted his dynasty by two thousand years.
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An 18th-century portrait of Qin Shi Huang
Jing Ke's assassination attempt on Qin Shi Huang; Jing Ke (left) is held by one of Qin Shi Huang's physicians (left, background). The dagger used in the assassination attempt is seen stuck in the pillar. Qin Shi Huang (right) is seen holding an imperial jade disc. One of his soldiers (far right) rushes to save his emperor - stone rubbing, Eastern Han (3rd century).
Qin's unification of the Seven Warring States
Administrative divisions of Qin
Modern sculpture depicting Qin Shi Huang on his imperial tourIn their own words 1
, I have collected all the writings of the Empire and burnt those which were of no use.
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Born Ying Zheng in Handan in 259 BC, son of the King of Qin and Lady Zhao, he took the Qin throne with help from the merchant Lü Buwei and spent his reign as King Zheng dismantling the warring states one by one. By 221 BC all of China answered to him, and he declared himself Qin Shi Huang - First Emperor - a title no king had used before. He and his minister Li Si standardized weights, currency, and script across former rivals; his generals pushed south into Hunan and Guangdong and west to the Ordos Plateau, beating back the Xiongnu. He burned books, executed scholars, joined old border walls into a single Great Wall, and built a mausoleum guarded by thousands of terracotta soldiers. He died in 210 BC on his fifth tour of the east, and the dynasty collapsed soon after - but the template he cut for imperial China held until 1911.
Historical Figures from China 6
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