Pope (1185–1187)
He led the Catholic Church for less than two years at the height of its war with Frederick Barbarossa, dug in over who controlled bishops in northern Italy, and died in exile just as Jerusalem fell to Saladin.
Uberto Crivelli rose through Milan's ecclesiastical ranks, serving as archbishop before his election on 25 November 1185. His papacy collided immediately with Emperor Frederick Barbarossa over episcopal appointments and the fallout from the 1177 Treaty of Venice. Urban refused to recognize imperial candidates for bishoprics and backed Lombard church autonomy, turning the standoff into open conflict. By 1187 political unrest had driven him from Rome to Ferrara. News of the Kingdom of Jerusalem's defeat at Hattin reached Europe that summer; Urban died on 20 October, weeks before his successor wo…
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