Philip II of France
King of France, and the first to be called by that title (1165-1223) · France · Historical Figures · Died at 57
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Something wrong?The king who stopped calling himself ruler of the Franks and started using "King of France" - a shift that stuck. Philip II crushed the Angevin Empire at Bouvines in 1214, forced England's barons into revolt, and turned France into the wealthiest power in Europe by boxing in his nobles and building walls around Paris.
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Photos 8
Sceau de Philippe Auguste. - Archives Nationales - SC-D157
Capitulation de Rouen du 1er juin 1204
Confirmation par le roi de France Philippe-Auguste de la vente par l'abbé Gébert et le couvent de Saint-Magloire de Paris à Pierre Tristan, chambellan du roi, de leurs possessions de Grandchamp. - Archives Nationales - K-28-3
Conquetes Philippe Auguste
Conquiste territoriali Filippo Augusto
Diplôme par lequel le roi de France, Philippe II Auguste bannit du royaume de France deux habitants de Laon jugés parjures - Archives Nationales - AE-II-197
Donation à l’abbaye de Saint-Germain-des-Prés par le roi de France Philippe II Auguste d’une poterne des murs de Paris - Archives Nationales - AE-II-205Family
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Born late to Louis VII in 1165, Philip was nicknamed Dieudonné - "God-given" - for arriving when his father had nearly given up on a son. He took the throne at fifteen in 1180 and spent decades locked in struggle with the Plantagenets, the English dynasty that controlled more of France than he did. In 1214 he broke them at Bouvines, a single battle that killed the Angevin Empire and left John of England so weakened his barons forced Magna Carta on him the next year. Philip never rode south for the Albigensian Crusade, but he let his vassals go, and their work opened France's path toward the Mediterranean. He walled Paris, restructured the treasury, clipped the nobility's reach, and gave the rising merchant class room to grow. The chronicler Rigord gave him "Augustus" for the reach of his lands; by his death in 1223, France was no longer a patchwork - it was the center of Europe.
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