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Parmenides

Late 6th/early 5th century BC Greek pre-Socratic philosopher · Italy · Academics · Lived 515 BC to 470 BC · aged 45

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He argued that change itself is impossible - that everything that exists has always existed, unified and timeless, and that the entire sensory world is an illusion. His insistence that reality is one unmoving thing sounds absurd until you try to prove him wrong.

Also in Deutsch

Photos 6

In their own words 5

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Parmenides
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5 statements, newest first
  1. You must learn all things, both the unshaken heart of persuasive truth, and the opinions of mortals in which there is no true warranty.

    Frag B 1.28-30, quoted by Sextus Empiricus, Against the Mathematicians, vii. 3; Simplicius, Commentary on the Heavens, 557-8; Proclus,, Own words

  2. For it is the same thing that can be thought and that can be.

    Frag. B 3, quoted by Plotinus, Enneads V, i.8, Own words

  3. It is indifferent to me where I am to begin, for there shall I return again.

    Frag. B 5, quoted by Proclus, Commentary on the Parmenides, 708, Own words

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About this person

Parmenides was born to a wealthy family in Elea, a Greek colony in southern Italy, sometime between 540 and 515 BC. He wrote a single philosophical poem in dactylic hexameter, now often called On Nature, which survives in fragments but with unusual integrity for a pre-Socratic work. In it he prescribes two views: the way of truth, where all reality is one and unchanging, and the way of opinion, where the senses deceive. His student Zeno of Elea developed his famous paradoxes of motion to defend Parmenides's claims. Plato featured him in a dialogue, visiting Athens at 65 when Socrates was young, and carried his ideas forward into the foundation of Western metaphysics. He is considered the founder of ontology and of the Eleatic school, and his questions about time still surface in contemporary philosophy.

Country
Italy
Category
Academics
Type
Academic
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 515 BC to 470 BC · aged 45

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