Otto Heinrich Warburg

Otto Heinrich Warburg was born in October 1883 and trained as both a physiologist and a medical doctor in Germany. He served as a cavalry officer in the First World War, earning the Iron Cross for bravery before returning to the lab. In 1931 he became the sole recipient of that year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Over the following decades his research continued to draw nominations — 46 more, in fact — making him one of the most repeatedly recognized figures in the prize's history. He worked until late in life and died in August 1970.