Muhammad al-Idrisi
Andalusian geographer (1100-1165) · Spain · Scientists · Lived 1110 to 1166 · aged 56
Muhammad al-Idrisi is read about 603 times a day, in 85 languages.
A typical day, 30 days to 15 October 2026
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Something wrong?He drew the world in 1154 - not from Scripture or guesswork, but from traveler accounts, star charts, and his own journeys - and for three centuries his map was the most accurate thing Europe had.
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About this person
Born in Ceuta in 1100 under Almoravid rule, Muhammad al-Idrisi ended up at the court of King Roger II in Palermo, an unusual posting for a Muslim scholar in Christian Sicily. There he spent years compiling the Tabula Rogeriana, synthesizing Mediterranean and Islamic geographic knowledge into one of the most advanced medieval world maps. The work became a reference across continents long after his death in 1165. He remains a signal figure in the preservation and transmission of Arabic geographic scholarship through Norman Sicily's rare intellectual crossroads.
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