King of Portugal from 1828 to 1834
A Portuguese king who seized the throne from his own niece, ruled for six years through blood and absolutism, then spent the next three decades in exile after losing a civil war to the constitutionalists.
Dom Miguel was born in 1802, son of King John VI and Queen Carlota Joaquina. After backing absolutism in the April Revolt of 1824, he was exiled. He returned to Portugal in 1828 as regent and fiancé to his niece, Queen Maria II. Once regent, he claimed the throne himself, arguing his older brother Pedro IV and Pedro's daughter had forfeited their rights when Pedro made war on Portugal and became sovereign of Brazil. The move triggered the Portuguese Liberal Wars — a brutal clash between absolutists and constitutionalists marked by killings, imprisonment, persecution, and exile. Miguel lost. He…
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