Louis XVI of France
King of France and Navarre from 1774 to 1791, then King of the French from 1791 to 1792 (1754-1793) · France · Historical Figures · Died at 38
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Something wrong?He ascended the throne of France in 1774 and lost his head to the guillotine nineteen years later - the last king before the revolution ended a thousand years of monarchy.
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The young Duke of Berry (right) with his younger brother, the Count of Provence (by François-Hubert Drouais, 1757)
The young duke of Berry painted by Jean-Martial Frédou, c. 1760
Marie Antoinette, queen of France and wife of Louis XVI, with their three eldest children, Marie Thérèse, Louis-Charles and Louis-Joseph (by Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, 1787)
Louis XVI in early adulthood
The 7 year-old Louis XVII (1792)
Louis XVI distributing money to the poor of Versailles, during the brutal winter of 1788In their own words 1
, You can always rely on my affection... I am most satisfied, I agree to the establishment of the citizens' guard... Monsieur Bailly, I am very glad that you should be Mayor and M.
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Louis-Auguste became Dauphin at eleven when his father died in 1765, married Marie Antoinette five years later, and inherited the crown from his grandfather Louis XV in 1774. He tried reform - grain deregulation, tolerance for non-Catholics, softer desertion laws - but the nobility blocked him, bread prices spiked, and harvests failed. His support for American independence in 1783 left France broke. The Estates General convened in 1789, the Bastille fell, and Louis's indecision made him the face of everything the revolution hated. His flight to Varennes in June 1791 looked like a bid for foreign rescue and destroyed what trust remained. Arrested in August 1792, stripped of his title, and rechristened Citoyen Louis Capet, he was convicted of treason by the National Convention and executed on 21 January 1793.
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