Lise Meitner

Lise Meitner earned her physics doctorate from the University of Vienna in 1906, the second woman to do so, then spent most of her career in Berlin as a professor and department head at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry — the first woman to become a full professor of physics in Germany. The Nuremberg Laws stripped her positions in 1935; the 1938 Anschluss took her citizenship. On 13–14 July 1938, she fled to the Netherlands with Dirk Coster's help, eventually settling in Stockholm and becoming a Swedish citizen in 1949. That December, her former colleague Otto Hahn sent word of strang…