Juliana of the Netherlands

Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina was born 30 April 1909, the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. She studied international law at Leiden and married Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld in 1937; they had four daughters: Beatrix, Irene, Margriet, and Christina. When Germany invaded in 1940, the family fled to Britain, then Juliana took the children to Canada while her mother and husband remained to represent the government in exile. They returned in 1945. Wilhelmina's health forced Juliana into service in 1947, and in September 1948 Wilhelmina abdicated. Juliana's reign unfolded against decolonization: the Dutch East Indies gained independence, Suriname followed, and the short-lived Netherlands-Indonesia Union dissolved under her watch. Scandals touched the family, but her popularity held. In April 1980 she abdicated to Beatrix and lived another twenty-four years, dying in 2004 at ninety-four - the longest-lived former reigning monarch then on record.