Italian-born French composer (1632–1687)
He invented French opera as Louis XIV knew it, then died from gangrene after stabbing his own foot with the long staff he used to conduct.
Born Giovanni Battista Lulli in Florence in late November 1632, he arrived in France young and rose through the court as a dancer and instrumentalist before becoming Louis XIV's composer. He naturalized in 1661 and spent decades shaping the French Baroque sound, collaborating with Molière on comédie-ballets including Le Bourgeois gentilhomme, L'Amour médecin, and Psyché. The partnership produced a new hybrid form that married theatre and music in ways the French court had never seen. He died in March 1687, a few months after a conducting accident turned fatal.
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