Ivan Turgenev

Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev was born on 9 November 1818. His first major publication, *A Sportsman's Sketches*, appeared in 1852 and became a milestone of Russian realism. A decade later he published *Fathers and Sons*, now regarded as one of the major works of 19th-century fiction. Beyond the novels and stories, he worked as a poet, playwright, and translator, and spent years popularizing Russian literature across Europe. He died on 3 September 1883.