Hetman of Ukrainian Cossacks from 1687 to 1708
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He ruled the Cossack Hetmanate for over two decades, then switched sides in the middle of the Great Northern War — a gamble that cost him everything and turned his name into a Russian curse word for traitor that lasted three centuries.
Ivan Mazepa became hetman of the Cossack Hetmanate in 1687 and spent most of his tenure rebuilding Ukraine from economic and political collapse, working closely with Tsar Peter I. That partnership fractured as Peter's reforms stripped away the Hetmanate's autonomy, and in 1708 the tsar refused to defend Ukrainian lands against the advancing Swedish army, ordering a scorched-earth campaign instead. Mazepa broke with Russia and allied with Charles XII of Sweden. The Swedes lost at Poltava in 1709; Mazepa fled to Moldavia and died in exile months later. The Russian Orthodox Church excommunicated…
Sourced, dated quotes from Ivan Mazepa
While all for peace sincerely preach, Not all in one direction reach. Some right, and some left do range, Yet all are brothers, how very strange.
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