2nd President of the Republic of Turkey (1884–1973)
He fought beside Atatürk, negotiated the treaty that replaced Turkey's dismemberment with its independence, then inherited the presidency and steered the young republic through World War II without firing a shot. İnönü held power longer than anyone in modern Turkish history — and when he lost an election in 1950, he handed it over peacefully, the first democ
Mustafa İsmet İnönü was born on 24 September 1884 and rose as a military officer, his friendship with Atatürk forged during the Caucasus campaign. He commanded Turkish forces in the First and Second Battles of İnönü during the 1919–1922 war against Greece, victories that earned him both his surname and his role as chief negotiator at Lausanne, where he secured the Treaty of Lausanne in place of the punishing Treaty of Sèvres. As prime minister through most of Atatürk's presidency, from 1923 to 1937, he executed the modernizing reforms that remade Turkey. When Atatürk died in 1938, İnönü became…
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